04041 webgloss

note: sacred-texts

note: sukhanakar 4 40 25

04041001

vaizaMpAyana uvAca

vaizaMpAyanaH = pn (of a sage)

vaizaMpAyana uvAca = said

uttaraM sArathiM kRtvA zamIM kRtvA pradakSiNam

uttaram = answer, reply; added, upper, more

uttaraM sArathim = charioteer

uttaraM sArathiM kRtvA = did and

uttaraM sArathiM kRtvA zamIm = pn (sort of tree)

uttaraM sArathiM kRtvA zamIM kRtvA = did and

uttaraM sArathiM kRtvA zamIM kRtvA pradakSiNam = circumambulation

AyudhaM sarvam AdAya tataH prAyAd dhanaMjayaH

Ayudham = weapon

AyudhaM sarvam = whole, entire, all

AyudhaM sarvam AdAya = took and

AyudhaM sarvam AdAya tataH = and then; from it; and from there; then; from then on

AyudhaM sarvam AdAya tataH prAyAt = set out, left

AyudhaM sarvam AdAya tataH prAyAd dhanaMjayaH = pn (of Arjuna

"Vaisampayana said, 'Making Uttara his charioteer, and circumambulating the Sami tree, the son of Pandu set out taking all his weapons with him.

04041002

dhvajaM siMhaM rathAt tasmAd apanIya mahArathaH

dhvajam = flag

dhvajaM siMham = lion

dhvajaM siMhaM rathAt = from chariot

dhvajaM siMhaM rathAt tasmAt = therefore; from it; from that

dhvajaM siMhaM rathAt tasmAd apanIya = took away and

dhvajaM siMhaM rathAt tasmAd apanIya mahArathaH = great car-warrior

praNidhAya zamImUle prAyAd uttarasArathiH

praNidhAya zamI-mUle prAyAd uttara-sArathiH

praNidhAya = put and, stored and, kept at and

praNidhAya zamI- = pn (a sort of tree)

praNidhAya zamI-mUle = root, root vegetable

praNidhAya zamI-mUle prAyAt = set out, left

praNidhAya zamI-mUle prAyAd uttara- = answer

praNidhAya zamI-mUle prAyAd uttara-sArathiH = driver

And that mighty car-warrior set out with Uttara as the driver of his car, having taken down that banner with the lion's figure and deposited it at the foot of the Sami tree.

04041003

daivIM mAyAM rathe yuktvA vihitAM vizvakarmaNA

daivIm = divine

daivIM mAyAm = magic, illusion

daivIM mAyAM rathe = on chariot

daivIM mAyAM rathe yuktvA = join and

daivIM mAyAM rathe yuktvA vihitAm = set up, prescribed, enjoined, appointed, formed (vi dhA); accomplished, done

daivIM mAyAM rathe yuktvA vihitAM vizvakarmaNA = pn (architect of the gods)

kAJcanaM siMhalAGgUlaM dhvajaM vAnaralakSaNam

kAJcanaM siMha-lAGgUlaM dhvajaM vAnara-lakSaNam

kAJcanam = golden, gold

kAJcanaM siMha- = lion

kAJcanaM siMha-lAGgUlam = tail

kAJcanaM siMha-lAGgUlaM dhvajam = flag

kAJcanaM siMha-lAGgUlaM dhvajaM vAnara- = monkey

kAJcanaM siMha-lAGgUlaM dhvajaM vAnara-lakSaNam = sign, characteristic, distinguishing mark, omen

And he hoisted on that car his own golden banner bearing the figure of an ape with a lion's tail, which was a celestial illusion contrived by Viswakarman himself.

04041004

manasA cintayAmAsa prasAdaM pAvakasya ca

manasA = with mind

manasA cintayAmAsa = thought

manasA cintayAmAsa prasAdam = grace, gift, favor, mercy

manasA cintayAmAsa prasAdaM pAvakasya = of fire

manasA cintayAmAsa prasAdaM pAvakasya ca = and

For, as soon, indeed, as he had thought of that gift of Agni,

sa ca tac cintitaM jJAtvA dhvaje bhUtAny acodayat

sa = that one, he, it (only used before consonant); with (when @former)

sa ca = and

sa ca tat = that, he, them, she, it; and then, so, therefore

sa ca tac cintitam = thought, reflection, care, trouble, worry

sa ca tac cintitaM jJAtvA = know and

sa ca tac cintitaM jJAtvA dhvaje = flag

sa ca tac cintitaM jJAtvA dhvaje bhUtAni = beings

sa ca tac cintitaM jJAtvA dhvaje bhUtAny acodayat = insisted

than the latter, knowing his wish, ordered those superhuman creatures (that usually sat there) to take their place in that banner.

And furnished with a beautiful flag of handsome make, with quivers attached to it, and adored with gold, that excellent flag-staff of celestial beauty than quickly fell from the firmament on his car. 1 And beholding that banner arrived on his car, the hero circumambulated it (respectively).

04041005

sapatAkaM vicitrAGgaM sopAsaGgaM mahArathaH

sa-patAkaM vicitr'-.AGgaM s'-.opAsaGgaM mahArathaH

sa- = that one, he, it (only used before consonant); with (when @former)

sa-patAkam = flag

sa-patAkaM vicitra- = various, diverse

sa-patAkaM vicitr'-aGgam = limb

sa-patAkaM vicitr'-.AGgaM sa- = that one, he, it (only used before consonant); with (when @former)

sa-patAkaM vicitr'-.AGgaM s'-upAsaGgam = quiver

sa-patAkaM vicitr'-.AGgaM s'-.opAsaGgaM mahArathaH = great car-warrior

ratham AsthAya bIbhatsuH kaunteyaH zvetavAhanaH

ratham = chariot

ratham AsthAya = made (him) sit and

ratham AsthAya bIbhatsuH = pn (of arjuna)

ratham AsthAya bIbhatsuH kaunteyaH = pn (of the three sons of kuntI)

ratham AsthAya bIbhatsuH kaunteyaH zvetavAhanaH = pn (of arjuna)

And then the ape-bannered Vibhatsu, the son of Kunti, called also Swetavahana,

04041006

baddhAsiH satanutrANaH pragRhItazarAsanaH

baddhAsiH sa-tanutrANaH pragRhIta-zarAsanaH

baddhAsiH sa- = that one, he, it (only used before consonant); with (when @former)

baddhAsiH sa-tanutrANaH = armor

baddhAsiH sa-tanutrANaH pragRhIta- = taken

baddhAsiH sa-tanutrANaH pragRhIta-zarAsanaH = a bow

tataH prAyAd udIcIM sa kapipravaraketanaH

tataH prAyAd udIcIM sa kapi-pravara-ketanaH

tataH = and then; from it; and from there; then; from then on

tataH prAyAt = set out, left

tataH prAyAd udIcIm = northern (ud + ac''')

tataH prAyAd udIcIM sa = that one, he, it (only used before consonant); with (when @former)

tataH prAyAd udIcIM sa kapi- = monkey

tataH prAyAd udIcIM sa kapi-pravara- = main, principal, best, selected

tataH prAyAd udIcIM sa kapi-pravara-ketanaH = sign, mark, symbol, flag

with fingers cased in leathern fences of the Iguana skin, and taking up his bow and arrows set out in a northernly direction.

04041007

svanavantaM mahAzaGkhaM balavAn arimardanaH

svana-vantaM mahA-zaGkhaM balavAn ari-mardanaH

svana- = noise, sound

svana-vantam = that has (affix matup)

svana-vantaM mahA- = big, great (@former)

svana-vantaM mahA-zaGkham = conch

svana-vantaM mahA-zaGkhaM balavAn = strong

svana-vantaM mahA-zaGkhaM balavAn ari- = enemy

svana-vantaM mahA-zaGkhaM balavAn ari-mardanaH = crushing, grinding, rubbing, bruising, paining, tormenting, ruining, destroying

And that grinder of foes, possessed of great strength,

prAdhamad balam AsthAya dviSatAM lomaharSaNam

prAdhamat = he blew

prAdhamad balam = strength; forces, army, troops

prAdhamad balam AsthAya = made (him) sit and

prAdhamad balam AsthAya dviSatAm = enemy (zatR)

prAdhamad balam AsthAya dviSatAM lomaharSaNam = pn

then forcibly blew his large conch-shell, of thundering sound, capable of making the bristles of foes to stand on their ends.

04041008

tatas te javanA dhuryA jAnubhyAm agaman mahIm

tatas te javanA$ dhuryA$ jAnubhyAm agaman mahIm

tataH = and then; from it; and from there; then; from then on

tatas te = they; your (enclitic); to you (enclitic)

tatas te javanAH = quick, swift, fleet (esp. horses)

tatas te javanA$ dhuryAH = beasts of burden, horses, bullocks

tatas te javanA$ dhuryA$ jAnubhyAm = knees

tatas te javanA$ dhuryA$ jAnubhyAm agaman = they went

tatas te javanA$ dhuryA$ jAnubhyAm agaman mahIm = earth

And at the sound of that conch, those steeds endued with swiftness dropped down on the ground on their knees.

uttaraz cApi saMtrasto rathopastha upAvizat

uttaraz cApi saMtrasto rath'-.opastha@ upAvizat

uttaraH = answer

uttaraz cApi = too (ca + api)

uttaraz cApi saMtrastaH = frightened

uttaraz cApi saMtrasto ratha- = chariot

uttaraz cApi saMtrasto rath'-upasthe = in the seat

uttaraz cApi saMtrasto rath'-.opastha@ upAvizat = sat

And Uttara also, greatly affrighted, sat down on the car.

04041009

saMsthApya cAzvAn kaunteyaH samudyamya ca razmibhiH

saMsthApya c' .AzvAn kaunteyaH samudyamya ca razmibhiH

saMsthApya = fixed firmly and

saMsthApya ca = and

saMsthApya c' azvAn = horses

saMsthApya c' .AzvAn kaunteyaH = pn (of the three sons of kuntI)

saMsthApya c' .AzvAn kaunteyaH samudyamya = raising

saMsthApya c' .AzvAn kaunteyaH samudyamya ca = and

saMsthApya c' .AzvAn kaunteyaH samudyamya ca razmibhiH = reins

And thereupon the son of Kunti took the reins himself and raising the steeds,

placed them in their proper positions.

uttaraM ca pariSvajya samAzvAsayad arjunaH

uttaram = answer, reply; added, upper, more

uttaraM ca = and

uttaraM ca pariSvajya = hugged and (pr. pariSvajate)

uttaraM ca pariSvajya samAzvAsayat = he consoled

uttaraM ca pariSvajya samAzvAsayad arjunaH = pn (of a kind of tree, of a pANDava prince)

And embracing Uttara, he encouraged him also, saying,

04041010

mA bhais tvaM rAjaputrAgrya kSatriyo 'si paraMtapa

mA bhais tvaM rAja-putr'-.Agrya kSatriyo 'si paraMtapa

mA = don't (with inj.); me (same as mAm, rare)

mA bhaiH = (don't) be afraid

mA bhais tvam = you (has su); -ness, -hood, -ship (affix)

mA bhais tvaM rAja- = king

mA bhais tvaM rAja-putra- = son

mA bhais tvaM rAja-putr'-agrya = best, principal, foremost

mA bhais tvaM rAja-putr'-.Agrya kSatriyaH = pn (a member of the warrior caste)

mA bhais tvaM rAja-putr'-.Agrya kSatriyo asi = you are

mA bhais tvaM rAja-putr'-.Agrya kSatriyo 'si paraMtapa = enemy-scorcher

'Fear not, O foremost of princes, thou art, O chastiser of foes, a Kshatriya by birth.

kathaM puruSazArdUla zatrumadhye viSIdasi

kathaM puruSa-zArdUla zatru-madhye viSIdasi

katham = how?

kathaM puruSa- = man

kathaM puruSa-zArdUla = tiger

kathaM puruSa-zArdUla zatru- = enemy

kathaM puruSa-zArdUla zatru-madhye = in the middle

kathaM puruSa-zArdUla zatru-madhye viSIdasi = you are depressed, despondent

Why, O tiger among men, dost thou become so dispirited in the midst of foes?

04041011

zrutAs te zaGkhazabdAz ca bherIzabdAz ca puSkalAH

zrutAs te zaGkha-zabdAz ca bherI-zabdAz ca puSkalAH

zrutAH = heard

zrutAs te = they; your (enclitic); to you (enclitic)

zrutAs te zaGkha- = conch

zrutAs te zaGkha-zabdAH = words, sounds

zrutAs te zaGkha-zabdAz ca = and

zrutAs te zaGkha-zabdAz ca bherI- = sort of musical instrument

zrutAs te zaGkha-zabdAz ca bherI-zabdAH = words, sounds

zrutAs te zaGkha-zabdAz ca bherI-zabdAz ca = and

zrutAs te zaGkha-zabdAz ca bherI-zabdAz ca puSkalAH = many; loud

Thou must have heard before the blare of many conchs and the note of many trumpets,

kuJjarANAM ca nadatAM vyUDhAnIkeSu tiSThatAm

kuJjarANAM ca nadatAM vyUDh'-.AnIkeSu tiSThatAm

kuJjarANAm = elephants

kuJjarANAM ca = and

kuJjarANAM ca nadatAm = shouting, roaring

kuJjarANAM ca nadatAM vyUDha- = arrayed for battle

kuJjarANAM ca nadatAM vyUDh'-anIkeSu = army

kuJjarANAM ca nadatAM vyUDh'-.AnIkeSu tiSThatAm = that were tanding, waiting, ready

and the roar also of many elephants in the midst of ranks arrayed for battle.

04041012

sa tvaM katham ihAnena zaGkhazabdena bhISitaH

sa tvaM katham ih'-.Anena zaGkha-zabdena bhISitaH

sa = that one, he, it (only used before consonant); with (when @former)

sa tvam = you (has su); -ness, -hood, -ship (affix)

sa tvaM katham = how?

sa tvaM katham iha- = here; in this world

sa tvaM katham ih'-anena = by this, with this

sa tvaM katham ih'-.Anena zaGkha- = conch

sa tvaM katham ih'-.Anena zaGkha-zabdena = word, sound

sa tvaM katham ih'-.Anena zaGkha-zabdena bhISitaH = afraid

Why art thou, therefore,

viSaNNarUpo vitrastaH puruSaH prAkRto yathA

viSaNNa-rUpo vitrastaH puruSaH prAkRto yathA

viSaNNa- = depressed

viSaNNa-rUpaH = (n.) form, shape; good form, beauty

viSaNNa-rUpo vitrastaH = terrified, panicked

viSaNNa-rUpo vitrastaH puruSaH = man

viSaNNa-rUpo vitrastaH puruSaH prAkRtaH = common, original, vulgar, primitive

viSaNNa-rUpo vitrastaH puruSaH prAkRto yathA = like, the same way as, according to, so that (correlative of tathA)

so dispirited and agitated and terrified by the blare of this conch, as if thou wert an ordinary person?'

04041013

uttara uvAca

uttaraH = answer

uttara uvAca = said

"Uttara said,

zrutA me zaGkhazabdAz ca bherIzabdAz ca puSkalAH

zrutA me zaGkha-zabdAz ca bherI-zabdAz ca puSkalAH

zrutA = heard

zrutA me = my, (is) mine, I have (Gas); to me, for me (Ge); by me (TA)

zrutA me zaGkha- = conch

zrutA me zaGkha-zabdAH = words, sounds

zrutA me zaGkha-zabdAz ca = and

zrutA me zaGkha-zabdAz ca bherI- = sort of musical instrument

zrutA me zaGkha-zabdAz ca bherI-zabdAH = words, sounds

zrutA me zaGkha-zabdAz ca bherI-zabdAz ca = and

zrutA me zaGkha-zabdAz ca bherI-zabdAz ca puSkalAH = many; loud

'Heard have I the blare of many a conch and many a trumpet

kuJjarANAM ca ninadA vyUDhAnIkeSu tiSThatAm

kuJjarANAM ca ninadA vyUDh'-.AnIkeSu tiSThatAm

kuJjarANAm = elephants

kuJjarANAM ca = and

kuJjarANAM ca ninadA vyUDha- = arrayed for battle

kuJjarANAM ca ninadA vyUDh'-anIkeSu = army

kuJjarANAM ca ninadA vyUDh'-.AnIkeSu tiSThatAm = that were tanding, waiting, ready

and the roar of many an elephant stationed in the battle-array,

04041014

naivaMvidhaH zaGkhazabdaH purA jAtu mayA zrutaH

n' .aivaM-vidhaH zaGkha-zabdaH purA jAtu mayA zrutaH

na = no, not, doesn't

n' evam- = thus, this way

n' .aivaM-vidhaH = of (several) kinds

n' .aivaM-vidhaH zaGkha- = conch

n' .aivaM-vidhaH zaGkha-zabdaH = vord, sound

n' .aivaM-vidhaH zaGkha-zabdaH purA = anciently

n' .aivaM-vidhaH zaGkha-zabdaH purA jAtu = some day, once, ever; (api jAtu, jAtu cit) maybe; (na jAtu) never

n' .aivaM-vidhaH zaGkha-zabdaH purA jAtu mayA = by me

n' .aivaM-vidhaH zaGkha-zabdaH purA jAtu mayA zrutaH = (was) heard

but never have I heard before the blare of such conch.

dhvajasya cApi rUpaM me dRSTapUrvaM na hIdRzam

dhvajasya c' .Api rUpaM me dRSTa-pUrvaM na h' IdRzam

dhvajasya = flag

dhvajasya ca = and

dhvajasya c' api = even, too (enclitic); maybe? (starts yes/no questions); any-, some- (turns who into someone etc.)

dhvajasya c' .Api rUpam = (n.) form, shape; good form, beauty

dhvajasya c' .Api rUpaM me = my, (is) mine, I have (Gas); to me, for me (Ge); by me (TA)

dhvajasya c' .Api rUpaM me dRSTa- = (was) seen

dhvajasya c' .Api rUpaM me dRSTa-pUrvam = previous; previously, earlier

dhvajasya c' .Api rUpaM me dRSTa-pUrvaM na = no, not, doesn't

dhvajasya c' .Api rUpaM me dRSTa-pUrvaM na hi = because; (@ignore)

dhvajasya c' .Api rUpaM me dRSTa-pUrvaM na h' IdRzam = such a

Nor have I ever seen a banner like this.

dhanuSaz caiva nirghoSaH zrutapUrvo na me kva cit

dhanuSaz caiva nirghoSaH zruta-pUrvo na me kva cit

dhanuSaH = bow

dhanuSaz caiva = and (ca + eva)

dhanuSaz caiva nirghoSaH = sound, noise

dhanuSaz caiva nirghoSaH zruta- = heard

dhanuSaz caiva nirghoSaH zruta-pUrvaH = previous; eastern

dhanuSaz caiva nirghoSaH zruta-pUrvo na = no, not, doesn't

dhanuSaz caiva nirghoSaH zruta-pUrvo na me = my, (is) mine, I have (Gas); to me, for me (Ge); by me (TA)

dhanuSaz caiva nirghoSaH zruta-pUrvo na me kva = where?

dhanuSaz caiva nirghoSaH zruta-pUrvo na me kva cit = any-, some- (turns who into someone etc.)

Never before have I heard also the twang of a bow such as this.

04041015

asya zaGkhasya zabdena dhanuSo nisvanena ca

asya = this one's, to this, of this

asya zaGkhasya = conch

asya zaGkhasya zabdena = word, sound

asya zaGkhasya zabdena dhanuSaH = bow

asya zaGkhasya zabdena dhanuSo nisvanena ca = and

Truly, sir, with the blare of this conch, the twang of this bow,

rathasya ca ninAdena mano muhyati me bhRzam

rathasya = chariot

rathasya ca = and

rathasya ca ninAdena = noise

rathasya ca ninAdena manaH = mind (@n as-)

rathasya ca ninAdena mano muhyati = is perplexed, mistaken, confused

rathasya ca ninAdena mano muhyati me = my, (is) mine, I have (Gas); to me, for me (Ge); by me (TA)

rathasya ca ninAdena mano muhyati me bhRzam = strongly, very, violently

the superhuman cries of the creatures stationed on this banner, and the battle of this car, my mind is greatly bewildered.

04041016

vyAkulAz ca dizaH sarvA hRdayaM vyathatIva me

vyAkulAz ca dizaH sarvA hRdayaM vyathat' .Iva me

vyAkulAH = bewildered , confounded , perplexed , troubled; confused , disordered

vyAkulAz ca = and

vyAkulAz ca dizaH = quarters of the sky, directions (such as east, north...)

vyAkulAz ca dizaH sarvA = all, the whole of (@f)

vyAkulAz ca dizaH sarvA hRdayam = heart, mind; core, essence, gist

vyAkulAz ca dizaH sarvA hRdayaM vyathati = trembles

vyAkulAz ca dizaH sarvA hRdayaM vyathat' iva = like (@enclitic)

vyAkulAz ca dizaH sarvA hRdayaM vyathat' .Iva me = my, (is) mine, I have (Gas); to me, for me (Ge); by me (TA)

My perception of the directions also is confused, and my heart is painfully afflicted.

dhvajena pihitAH sarvA dizo na pratibhAnti me

dhvajena = flag

dhvajena pihitAH = shut, hidden, concealed, covered by, filled with

dhvajena pihitAH sarvA = all, the whole of (@f)

dhvajena pihitAH sarvA dizaH = quarters of the sky, directions (such as east, north...)

dhvajena pihitAH sarvA dizo na = no, not, doesn't

dhvajena pihitAH sarvA dizo na pratibhAnti = they shine, they appear

dhvajena pihitAH sarvA dizo na pratibhAnti me = my, (is) mine, I have (Gas); to me, for me (Ge); by me (TA)

The whole firmament seemeth to me to have been covered by this banner, and everything seemeth to be hidden from my view!

gANDIvasya ca zabdena karNau me badhirIkRtau

gANDIvasya = pn (of Gandiva

gANDIvasya ca = and

gANDIvasya ca zabdena = word, sound

gANDIvasya ca zabdena karNau = ear

gANDIvasya ca zabdena karNau me = my, (is) mine, I have (Gas); to me, for me (Ge); by me (TA)

My ears also have been deafened by the twang of the Gandiva!

04041017

arjuna uvAca

arjunaH = pn (of a kind of tree, of a pANDava prince)

arjuna uvAca = said

"Arjuna said,

ekAnte ratham AsthAya padbhyAM tvam avapIDaya

ekAnte = privately; solitary, lonely

ekAnte ratham = chariot

ekAnte ratham AsthAya = made (him) sit and

ekAnte ratham AsthAya padbhyAm = feet

ekAnte ratham AsthAya padbhyAM tvam = you (has su); -ness, -hood, -ship (affix)

'Firmly stand thou on the car, pressing thy feet on it,

dRDhaM ca razmIn saMyaccha zaGkhaM dhmAsyAmy ahaM punaH

dRDhaM ca razmIn saMyaccha zaGkhaM dhmAsyAmy ahaM punaH@

dRDham = firm

dRDhaM ca = and

dRDhaM ca razmIn = rein, rope, string; ray of light

dRDhaM ca razmIn saMyaccha = restrain, hold

dRDhaM ca razmIn saMyaccha zaGkham = conch

dRDhaM ca razmIn saMyaccha zaGkhaM dhmAsyAmi = I'll blow

dRDhaM ca razmIn saMyaccha zaGkhaM dhmAsyAmy aham = (has su) I, I am

dRDhaM ca razmIn saMyaccha zaGkhaM dhmAsyAmy ahaM punar = again

and tightly catch hold of the bridles, for I will blow the conch again.'

04041018

vaizaMpAyana uvAca

vaizaMpAyanaH = pn (of a sage)

vaizaMpAyana uvAca = said

"Vaisampayana said,

'Arjuna then blew his conch again, that conch which filled foes with grief and enhanced the joy of friends. And the sound was so loud that it seemed to split hills and mountains, and pierce mountain-caves and the cardinal points.

And Uttara once again sat down on the car, clinging to it in fear.

tasya zaGkhasya zabdena rathanemisvanena ca

tasya zaGkhasya zabdena ratha-nemi-svanena ca

tasya = his, its

tasya zaGkhasya = conch

tasya zaGkhasya zabdena = word, sound

tasya zaGkhasya zabdena ratha- = chariot

tasya zaGkhasya zabdena ratha-nemi- = wheel rim

tasya zaGkhasya zabdena ratha-nemi-svanena = noise, sound

tasya zaGkhasya zabdena ratha-nemi-svanena ca = and

And with the blare of the conch and the rattle of the car-wheels,

gANDIvasya ca ghoSeNa pRthivI samakampata

gANDIvasya = pn (of Gandiva

gANDIvasya ca = and

gANDIvasya ca ghoSeNa = with noise

gANDIvasya ca ghoSeNa pRthivI = earth

gANDIvasya ca ghoSeNa pRthivI samakampata = it trembled

and the twang of the Gandiva, the earth itself seemed to tremble.

And beholding Uttara's fight, Dhananjaya began to comfort him again.'

04041019

droNa uvAca

droNaH = pn

droNa uvAca = said

"Meanwhile, Drona said,

yathA rathasya nirghoSo yathA zaGkha udIryate

yathA = like, the same way as, according to, so that (correlative of tathA)

yathA rathasya = chariot

yathA rathasya nirghoSaH = sound, noise

yathA rathasya nirghoSo yathA = like, the same way as, according to, so that (correlative of tathA)

yathA rathasya nirghoSo yathA zaGkhaH = conch (esp. used as musical instrument)

yathA rathasya nirghoSo yathA zaGkha udIryate = it sounds; it is thrown upwards, excited

'From the rattle of the car,

and from the manner in which the clouds have enveloped the sky

kampate ca yathA bhUmir naiSo 'nyaH savyasAcinaH

kampate ca yathA bhUmir n' .aiSo 'nyaH savyasAcinaH

kampate = trembles

kampate ca = and

kampate ca yathA = like, the same way as, according to, so that (correlative of tathA)

kampate ca yathA bhUmiH = earth, ground, land

kampate ca yathA bhUmir na = no, not, doesn't

kampate ca yathA bhUmir n' eSaH = this one (m., su, only before vowels)

kampate ca yathA bhUmir n' .aiSo anyaH = another one, someone else

kampate ca yathA bhUmir n' .aiSo 'nyaH savyasAcinaH = pn (of arjuna)

and the earth itself trembles, this warrior can be none else than Savyasachin.

04041020

zastrANi na prakAzante na prahRSyanti vAjinaH

zastrANi = weapons

zastrANi na = no, not, doesn't

zastrANi na prakAzante = they glow, they appear as

zastrANi na prakAzante na = no, not, doesn't

zastrANi na prakAzante na prahRSyanti vAjinaH = horse

Our weapons do not shine, our steeds are dispirited,

agnayaz ca na bhAsante samiddhAs tan na zobhanam

agnayaz ca na bhAsante samiddhAs tan@ na zobhanam

agnayaH = fires

agnayaz ca = and

agnayaz ca na = no, not, doesn't

agnayaz ca na bhAsante = they shine

agnayaz ca na bhAsante samiddhAH = made to burn, fed (with fuel)

agnayaz ca na bhAsante samiddhAs tat = that, he, them, she, it; and then, so, therefore

agnayaz ca na bhAsante samiddhAs tan@ na = no, not, doesn't

agnayaz ca na bhAsante samiddhAs tan@ na zobhanam = beautiful

and our fires, though fed with fuel, do not blare up.

04041021

praty AdityaM ca naH sarve mRgA ghorapravAdinaH

praty AdityaM ca naH sarve mRgA$ ghora-pravAdinaH

prati = towards, against; every, each (@former)

praty Adityam = the Sun

praty AdityaM ca = and

praty AdityaM ca naH = us, to us

praty AdityaM ca naH sarve = all

praty AdityaM ca naH sarve mRgAH = deers; quadruped animals

praty AdityaM ca naH sarve mRgA$ ghora- = horrible, fearsome, terrible

All this is ominous. All our animals are setting up a frightful howl, gazing towards the sun.

dhvajeSu ca nilIyante vAyasAs tan na zobhanam

dhvajeSu ca nilIyante vAyasAs tan@ na zobhanam

dhvajeSu = flags

dhvajeSu ca = and

dhvajeSu ca nilIyante vAyasAs tat = that, he, them, she, it; and then, so, therefore

dhvajeSu ca nilIyante vAyasAs tan@ na = no, not, doesn't

dhvajeSu ca nilIyante vAyasAs tan@ na zobhanam = beautiful

The crows are perching on our banners. All this is ominous.

zakunAz cApasavyA no vedayanti mahad bhayam

zakunAz c' .ApasavyA$ no vedayanti mahad bhayam

zakunAH = birds

zakunAz ca = and

zakunAz c' apasavyAH = moving left, counterclockwise

zakunAz c' .ApasavyA$ naH = us, to us

zakunAz c' .ApasavyA$ no vedayanti = they indicate

zakunAz c' .ApasavyA$ no vedayanti mahat = big, great

zakunAz c' .ApasavyA$ no vedayanti mahad bhayam = fear

Yon vultures and kites on our right portend a great danger.

04041022

gomAyur eSa senAyA ruvan madhye 'nudhAvati

gomAyuH = jackal

gomAyur eSa = this one (m., su, only before consonants)

gomAyur eSa senAyA ruvan madhye = in the middle

That jackal also, running through our ranks, waileth dismally.

anAhataz ca niSkrAnto mahad vedayate bhayam

an-Ahataz ca niSkrAnto mahad vedayate bhayam

an- = non-, a-, an-

an-AhataH = (was) hit

an-Ahataz ca = and

an-Ahataz ca niSkrAntaH = he left

an-Ahataz ca niSkrAnto mahat = big, great

an-Ahataz ca niSkrAnto mahad vedayate = makes it known, reveals

an-Ahataz ca niSkrAnto mahad vedayate bhayam = fear

Lo, it hath escaped unstruck. All this portends a heavy calamity.

bhavatAM romakUpANi prahRSTAny upalakSaye

bhavatAm = you

bhavatAM romakUpANi = pores of the skin

bhavatAM romakUpANi prahRSTAni = they have stood on end

bhavatAM romakUpANi prahRSTAny upalakSaye = I see

The bristles also of ye all are on their ends.

Surely, this forebodes a great destruction of Kshatriyas in battle. Things endued with light are all pale; beasts and birds look fierce; and there are to be witnessed many terrific portents indicative of the destruction of Kshatriyas. And these omens forebode great havoc among ourselves. O king, thy ranks seem to be confounded by these blazing meteors, and thy animals look dispirited and seem to be weeping. Vultures and kites are wheeling all around thy troops. Thou shalt have to repent upon beholding thy army afflicted by Partha's arrows.

04041023

parAbhUtA ca vaH senA na kaz cid yoddhum icchati

parAbhUtA ca = and

parAbhUtA ca vaH = y'all, yall's (@second, @fourth, @sixth)

parAbhUtA ca vaH senA = army

parAbhUtA ca vaH senA na = no, not, doesn't

parAbhUtA ca vaH senA na kaH = who? which one?

parAbhUtA ca vaH senA na kaz cit = any-, some- (turns who into someone etc.)

parAbhUtA ca vaH senA na kaz cid yoddhum = to fight

parAbhUtA ca vaH senA na kaz cid yoddhum icchati = wants

Indeed, our ranks seem to have been already vanquished, for none is eager to go to fight.

vivarNamukhabhUyiSThAH sarve yodhA vicetasaH

vivarNa-mukha-bhUyiSThAH sarve yodhA$ vicetasaH

vivarNa- = discolored, pale

vivarNa-mukha- = face, head

vivarNa-mukha-bhUyiSThAH = for the most part , mostly , chiefly

vivarNa-mukha-bhUyiSThAH sarve = all

vivarNa-mukha-bhUyiSThAH sarve yodhAH = soldiers, fighters

vivarNa-mukha-bhUyiSThAH sarve yodhA$ vicetasaH = foolish

All our warriors are of pale face, and almost deprived of their senses.

gAH saMprasthApya tiSThAmo vyUDhAnIkAH prahAriNaH

gAH saMprasthApya tiSThAmo vyUDh'-.AnIkAH prahAriNaH

gAH = cows (@blue); (do not) go (@red)

gAH saMprasthApya tiSThAmo vyUDha- = arrayed for battle

gAH saMprasthApya tiSThAmo vyUDh'-anIkAH = army

gAH saMprasthApya tiSThAmo vyUDh'-.AnIkAH prahAriNaH = attackers

Sending the kine ahead we should stand here, ready to strike, with all our warriors arrayed in order of battle."