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Ato 'nupasarge kaH

आतो ऽनुपसर्गे कः ONPANINI 32003

An A आ-root gets /ka' (when in composition after its object).

This /kRt "ka" is not the same as the /taddhita /ka, which has a real k क्.

/ka' debars the /aN' from << karmaNyaN. The /kit deletes the A आ of the root —

/go- + dA दा + ka क
→ /go- + d द् + ka क by Atolopa::...
→ goda- गोदॱ "cow-giver"

Why do we say "anupasarge अनुपसर्गे"?

If there is an /upasarga, as in the rootnoun sandA संदा "give ceremoniously", then we add /aN' as usual —

/go- + sandA संदा + /aN' by << karmaNyaN
→ go- गोॱ + sandA संदा + /aN'
→ go- गोॱ + sandAy संदाय् + a अ by AtoyukciNk...
→ !**gosandAya- गोसंदायॱ "who ceremoniously gives a cow"