05039001a anIzvaro 'yamM puruSo bhavAbhave 'Man is not the disposer of either his prosperity or adversity.
05039001b sUtraprotA dArumayIva yoSA He is like a wooden doll moved by strings.
05039001c dhAtrA tu diSTasya vaze kilAyam Indeed, the Creator hath made man subject to Destiny.
05039001d tasmAd vada tvaM zravaNe dhRto 'ham So, speak, I am attentive to what thou sayest.'
05039002 vidura uvAca 'vidura said,
05039002a aprAptakAlaM vacanamM bRhaspatir api bruvan 'O bharata, by speaking words out of season even bRhaspati himself
05039002c labhate buddhyavajJAnam avamAnaJM ca bhArata incurreth reproach and the charge of ignorance,
05039003a priyo bhavati dAnena priyavAdena cAparaH one becometh agreeable by gift, another by sweet words,
05039003c mantramM mUlabalenAnyo yaH priyaH priya eva saH a third by the force of incantation and drugs. He, however, that is naturally agreeable, always remaineth so.
05039004a dveSyo na sAdhur bhavati na medhAvI na paNDitaH He that is hated by another is never regarded by that other as honest or intelligent or wise.
05039004c priye zubhAni karmANi dveSye pApAni bhArata One attributeth everything good to him one loveth; and everything evil to him one hateth. O king, as soon as duryodhana was born I told thee,--thou shouldst abandon this one son, for by abandoning him thou wouldst secure the prosperity of thy hundred sons,--and by keeping him, destruction would overtake thy hundred sons, that gain should never be regarded highly which leadeth to loss. On the other hand, that loss even should be regarded highly which would bring on gain.
note: lines missing
05039005a na sa kSayo mahArAja yaH kSayo vRddhim Avahet The loss, O king, that bringeth on gain is no loss.
05039005c kSayasH sa tv iha mantavyo yaM labdhvA bahu nAzayet The gain, however, that bringeth many losses, should be reckoned as loss.
05039006a samRddhA guNataH ke cid bhavanti dhanato 'pare Some become eminent in consequence of good qualities; others become so in consequence of wealth.
05039006c dhanavRddhAn guNair hInAn dhRtarASTra vivarjayet Avoid them, O dhRtarASTra, that are eminent in wealth but destitute of good qualities!'
05039007 dhRtarASTra uvAca 'dhRtarASTra said,
05039007a sarvanM tvam AyatIyuktamM bhASase prAjJasamMmatam 'All that you sayest is approved by the wise and is for my future good.
05039007c na cotsahe sutanM tyaktuM yato dharmas tato jayaH I dare not, however, abandon my son. It is well-known that where there is righteousness there is victory.'
05039008 vidura uvAca 'vidura said,
05039008a svabhAvaguNasamMpanno na jAtu vinayAnvitaH 'He that is graced with every virtue and is endued with humility,
05039008c susUkSmam api bhUtAnAm upamardamM prayokSyate is never indifferent to even the minutest sufferings of living creatures.
05039009a parApavAdaniratAH paraduHkhodayeSu ca They, however, that are ever employed in speaking ill of others,
05039009c parasparavirodhe ca yatante satatotthitAH always strive with activity quarrelling with one another and in all matters, calculated to give pain to others.
05039010c arthAdAne mahAn doSaH pradAne ca mahad bhayam There is sin in accepting gifts from, and danger in making gifts to them, whose very sight is inauspicious and whose companionship is fraught with danger.
05039011a ye pApA iti vikhyAtAsH saMvAse parigarhitAH
05039011c yuktAz cAnyair mahAdoSair ye narAs tAn vivarjayet They that are quarrelsome, covetous, shameless, deceitful, are known unrighteous, and their companionship should always be avoided.
05039012c yA caiva phalanirvRttisH sauhRde caiva yat sukham One should also avoid those men that are endued with similar faults of a grave nature, When the occasion that caused the friendship is over the friendship of those that are low, the beneficial result of that connection, and the happiness also derivable from it, all come to an end.
05039013a yatate cApavAdAya yatnam Arabhate kSaye
05039013c alpe 'py apakRte mohAn na zAntim upagacchati They then strive to speak ill of their (late) friend and endeavour to inflict loss on him, and if the loss they sustain be even very small, for all that they, from want of self-control, fail to enjoy peace.
05039014c nizAmya nipuNamM buddhyA vidvAn dUrAd vivarjayet He that is learned, examining everything carefully and reflecting well, should, from a distance, avoid the friendship of vile and wicked-minded persons such as these.
05039015a yo jJAtim anugRhNAti daridranM dInam Aturam He that helpeth his poor and wretched and helpless relatives,
05039015c sa putrapazubhir vRddhiM yazaz cAvyayam aznute obtaineth children and kine and enjoyeth prosperity that knoweth no end.
05039016a jJAtayo vardhanIyAs tair ya icchanty AtmanazH zubham They that desire their own benefit should always succour their relatives.
05039016c kulavRddhiJM ca rAjendra tasmAt sAdhu samAcara By every means, therefore, O king, do thou seek the growth of thy race.
05039017a zreyasA yokSyase rAjan kurvANo jJAtisatkriyAm Prosperity will be thine, O Monarch, if thou behavest well towards all thy relatives.
05039017c viguNA hy api saMrakSyA jJAtayo bharatarSabha Even relatives that are destitute of good qualities should be protected.
05039018a kimM punar guNavantas te tvatprasAdAbhikAGkSiNaH O bull of the bharata race, how much more, therefore, should they be protected that are endued with every virtue and are humbly expectant of thy favours?
05039018c prasAdaGM kuru dInAnAmM pANDavAnAM vizAmM pate Favour thou the heroic sons of pANDu, O monarch,
05039019a dIyantAGM grAmakAH ke cit teSAM vRttyartham Izvara and let a few villages be assigned to them for their maintenance.
05039019c evaM loke yazaHprApto bhaviSyasi narAdhipa By acting thus, O king, fame will be thine in the world.
05039020a vRddhena hi tvayA kAryamM putrANAnM tAta rakSaNam Thou art old; thou shouldst, therefore, control thy sons.
05039020c mayA cApi hitaM vAcyaM viddhi mAnM tvaddhitaiSiNam I should say what is for thy good. Know me as one that wishes well to thee.
05039021a jJAtibhir vigrahas tAta na kartavyo bhavArthinA He that desireth his own good should never quarrel, O sire, with his relatives.
05039021c sukhAni saha bhojyAni jJAtibhir bharatarSabha O bull of the bharata race, happiness should ever be enjoyed with one's relatives, and not without them,
05039022a samMbhojanaM saGMkathanaM samMprItiz ca parasparam to eat with one another, to talk with one another, and to love one another,
05039022c jJAtibhisH saha kAryANi na virodhaH kathaM cana are what relatives should always do. They should never quarrel.
05039023a jJAtayas tArayantIha jJAtayo majjayanti ca In this world it is the relatives that rescue, and the relatives that ruin (relatives).
05039023c suvRttAs tArayantIha durvRttA majjayanti ca Those amongst them that are righteous rescue; while those that are unrighteous sink (their brethren).
05039024a suvRtto bhava rAjendra pANDavAn prati mAnada O king, be thou, O giver of honours, righteous in thy conduct towards the sons of pANDu.
05039024c adharSaNIyazH zatrUNAnM tair vRtas tvamM bhaviSyasi Surrounded by them, thou wouldst be unconquerable by thy foes.
05039025a zrImantaJM jJAtim AsAdya yo jJAtir avasIdati If a relative shrinks in the presence of a prosperous relative,
05039025c digdhahastamM mRga iva sa enas tasya vindati like a deer at sight of a hunter armed with arrows, then the prosperous relative hath to take upon himself all the sins of the other.
note: shuld be enam ?
05039026a pazcAd api narazreSTha tava tApo bhaviSyati O best of men, you will have regret later (for this thy inaction at present)
05039026c tAn vA hatAn sutAn vApi zrutvA tad anucintaya when in future thou wilt hear of the death of either the pANDavas or thy sons. Think of all this.
05039027a yena khaTvAM samArUDhaH paritapyeta karmaNA An act that would eventually make you suffer with regret when you go to bed,
05039027c AdAv eva na tat kuryAd adhruve jIvite sati you should not do it in the first place. Life being uncertain.
05039028a na kaz cin nApanayate pumAn anyatra bhArgavAt Most people stray from the right path from time to time,
05039028c zeSasamMpratipattis tu buddhimatsv eva tiSThati but a just notion of consequence is present in all persons of intelligence.
05039029a duryodhanena yady etat pApanM teSu purA kRtam If duryodhana inflicted these wrongs on the sons of pANDu,
05039029c tvayA tat kulavRddhena pratyAneyanM narezvara it is thy duty, O king of men, to undo them all, as thou art an aged scion of kuru's race.
05039030c bhaviSyasi narazreSTha pUjanIyo manISiNAm Re-instating them in their position, thou wilt, in this world, be cleansed of all thy sins and be, O king of men, an object of worship with even those that have their souls under control.
05039031a suvyAhRtAni dhIrANAmM phalataH pravicintya yaH He that reflects on the well-spoken words of the wise according to their consequences
05039031c adhyavasyati kAryeSu ciraM yazasi tiSThati before engaging in acts, never loseth fame.
05039037c jitendriyaM sthitaM sthityAmM mitram atyAgi ceSyate The knowledge imparted by even men of learning and skill is imperfect, for that which is sought to be inculcated is ill-understood, or, if understood, is not accomplished in practice. That learned person who never doth an act, the consequences of which are sin and misery, always groweth (in prosperity). The person, however, of wicked soul, who from folly pursueth his sinful course commenced before falleth into a slough of deep mire. He that is wise should ever keep in view the (following) six conduits by which counsels become divulged, and he that desireth success and a long dynasty should ever guard himself from those six. They are, intoxication, sleep, inattention to spies, set over one by another, one's own demeanour as dependent on the working of one's own heart, confidence reposed on a wicked counsellor, and unskilful envoys. Knowing these six doors (through which counsels are divulged), he that keepeth them shut while pursuing the attainment of virtue, profit, and desire, succeedeth in standing over the heads of his foes. Without an acquaintance with the scriptures and without waiting upon the old, neither virtue nor profit can be known (or won) by persons blessed even with the intelligence of bRhaspati.
05039038a indriyANAm anutsargo mRtyunA na viziSyate
05039038c atyarthamM punar utsargasH sAdayed daivatAny api
05039047a yat sukhaM sevamAno 'pi dharmArthAbhyAnM na hIyate That pleasure the pursuit of which doth not injure one's virtue and profit,
05039047c kAmanM tad upaseveta na mUDhavratam Acaret should certainly be pursued to one's fill. One should not, however, act like a fool by giving free indulgence to his senses.
05039048a duHkhArteSu pramatteSu nAstikeSv alaseSu ca One who suffers himself to be tortured by a grief, who is addicted to evil ways, who denies Godhead, who is idle who hath not his senses under control --
05039048c na zrIr vasaty adAnteSu ye cotsAhavivarjitAH prosperity never resides in him, or in those who are divested of exertion.
05039049a Arjavena naraM yuktam ArjavAt savyapatrapam The man that is humble, and who from humility is modest
05039049c azaktimantamM manyanto dharSayanti kubuddhayaH is regarded as weak and persecuted by persons of misdirected intelligence.
05039050a atyAryam atidAtAram atizUram ativratam Prosperity never approacheth from fear the person that is excessively liberal, that giveth away without measure, that is possessed of extraordinary bravery, that practiseth the most rigid vows,
05039050c prajJAbhimAninaJM caiva zrIr bhayAn nopasarpati and that is very proud of his wisdom. Prosperity doth not reside in one that is highly accomplished, nor in one that is without any accomplishment. She doth not desire a combination of all the virtues, nor is she pleased with the total absence of all virtues. Blind, like a mad cow, prosperity resides with some one who is not remarkable.
05039051a agnihotraphalA vedAzH zIlavRttaphalaM zrutam The fruits of the Vedas are ceremonies performed before the (homa) fire; the fruits of an acquaintance with the scriptures are goodness of disposition and conduct.
05039051c ratiputraphalA dArA dattabhuktaphalanM dhanam The fruits of women are the pleasures of intercourse and offspring; and the fruits of wealth are enjoyment and charity.
05039052a adharmopArjitair arthair yaH karoty aurdhvadehikam He that performeth acts tending to secure his prosperity in the other world with wealth acquired sinfully,
05039052c na sa tasya phalamM pretya bhuGkte 'rthasya durAgamAt never reapeth the fruits of these acts in the other world, in consequence of the sinfulness of the acquisitions (spent for the purpose).
05039053a kAntAravanadurgeSu kRcchrAsv Apatsu samMbhrame In the midst of deserts, or deep woods, or inaccessible fastnesses, amid all kinds of dangers and alarms
05039053c udyateSu ca zastreSu nAsti zeSavatAmM bhayam or in view of deadly weapons upraised for striking him, he that hath strength of mind entertaineth no fear.
05039054c samIkSya ca samArambho viddhi mUlamM bhavasya tat and commencement of acts after mature deliberation,--know that these are the roots of prosperity.
05039055a tapo balanM tApasAnAmM brahma brahmavidAmM balam Austerities constitute the strength of ascetics; the Vedas are the strength of those conversant with them;
05039055c hiMsA balam asAdhUnAGM kSamA guNavatAmM balam in violence lieth the strength of the wicked; and in forgiveness, the strength of the virtuous.
05039056a aSTau tAny avrataghnAni Apo mUlamM phalamM payaH These eight, viz., water, roots, fruits, milk,
05039056c havir brAhmaNakAmyA ca guror vacanam auSadham clarified butter (what is done at) the desire of a brAhmaNa, (or at) the command of a preceptor, and medicine, are not destructive of a vow.
05039057a na tat parasya sanMdadhyAt pratikUlaM yad AtmanaH That which is antagonistic to one's own self, should never be applied in respect of another.
05039057c saGMgraheNaiSa dharmasH syAt kAmAd anyaH pravartate Briefly even this is virtue. Other kinds of virtue there are, but these proceed from caprice.
05039058a akrodhena jayet krodham asAdhuM sAdhunA jayet Anger must be conquered by forgiveness; and the wicked must be conquered by honesty;
05039058c jayet kadaryanM dAnena jayet satyena cAnRtam the miser must be conquered by liberality, and falsehood must be conquered by truth.
05039059a strIdhUrtake 'lase bhIrau caNDe puruSamAnini One should not place trust on a woman, a swindler, an idle person, a coward, one that is fierce, one that boasts of his own power,
05039059c caure kRtaghne vizvAso na kAryo na ca nAstike a thief, an ungrateful person, and an atheist.
05039060a abhivAdanazIlasya nityaM vRddhopasevinaH These four always expand in the case of him that respectfully saluteth his superiors and waiteth upon the old --
05039060c catvAri samMpravardhante kIrtir Ayur yazobalam Achievements, period of life, fame, and power
05039061a atiklezena ye 'rthAsH syur dharmasyAtikrameNa ca The objects which cannot be acquired except by very painful exertion, or by sacrificing righteousness,
05039061c arer vA praNipAtena mA sma teSu manaH kRthAH or by bowing down to an enemy, do not set thy heart after them.
05039062a avidyaH puruSaH zocyaH zocyaM mithunam aprajam A man without knowledge is to be pitied; an act of intercourse that is not fruitful is to be pitied;
05039062c nirAhArAH prajAH zocyAH zocyaM rASTram arAjakam the people of a kingdom that are without food are to be pitied; and a kingdom without a king is to be pitied.
05039063a adhvA jarA dehavatAmM parvatAnAJM jalaJM jarA These constitute the source of pain and weakness to embodied creatures; the rains, decay of hills and mountains;
05039063c asamMbhogo jarA strINAM vAkzalyamM manaso jarA absence of enjoyment, anguish of women; and wordy arrows of the heart.
05039064a anAmnAyamalA vedA brAhmaNasyAvratamM malam The scum of the Vedas is want of study; of brAhmaNas, absence of vows; of the Earth, the bAhlikas; of man, untruth;
note: line missing
05039064c kautUhalamalA sAdhvI vipravAsamalAsH striyaH of the chaste woman, curiosity; of women, exile from home.
05039065a suvarNasya malaM rUpyaM rUpyasyApi malanM trapu The scum of gold is silver; of silver, tin;
05039065c jJeyanM trapumalaM sIsaM sIsasyApi malamM malam of tin, lead; and of lead, useless dross.
05039066a na svapnena jayen nidrAnM na kAmena striyaJM jayet One cannot conquer sleep by lying down; women by desire;
05039066c nendhanena jayed agninM na pAnena surAJM jayet fire by fuel; or wine by drinking.
05039067a yasya dAnajitamM mitram amitrA yudhi nirjitAH He who hath won his friends by gifts, his foes in battle,
05039067c annapAnajitA dArAsH saphalanM tasya jIvitam and wife by food and drink, his life is, indeed, crowned with success.
05039068a sahasriNo 'pi jIvanti jIvanti zatinas tathA They who have thousands live; they, who have hundreds, also live.
05039068c dhRtarASTraM vimuJcecchAnM na kathaJM cin na jIvyate O dhRtarASTra, forsake desire. There is none who cannot manage to live by some means or other.
05039069a yat pRthivyAM vrIhiyavaM hiraNyamM pazavasH striyaH Thy paddy, wheat, gold, cattle, women that are on earth all
05039069c nAlam ekasya tat sarvam iti pazyan na muhyati cannot satiate even one person. Reflecting on this, they that are wise never grieve for want of universal dominion.
05039070a rAjan bhUyo bravImi tvAmM putreSu samam Acara O king, I again tell thee, adopt an equal conduct towards thy children,
05039070c samatA yadi te rAjan sveSu pANDusuteSu ca i.e., towards the sons of pANDu and thy own sons.''
