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lasya लस्य ONPANINI 34077

Always replace a tense (with a /tiG).

Example. Suppose we want to say that the king is cooking now. All verbsare made by joining a root and a tense. So we put together the root pac पच् and the tense /laT —

pac पच् + /laT

At this step, rule this rule teaches that we must replace /laT with one of the eighteen /tiG affixes. Other rules say that we need /tip here. So we have —

pac पच् + /laT
→ pac पच् + /tip

Now some other rules kick in, and tell us that we have to add a अ after pac पच् —

pac पच् + /laT
→ pac पच् + /tip
→ **pacati पचति "is cooking"

Now we have our verb, and we use it to form the sentence —

pacati rAjA पचति राजा "the king is cooking"

To say that I eat —

ad अद् + /laT
→ ad अद् + /mip by this rule
→ **admi अद्मि "I am eating"

To say that the carrot grows —

vRdh वृध् + /laT
→ vRdh वृध् + /ta by this rule
→ !**vardhate वर्धते "he / she / it grows "

Why do pac पच् + ti ति get an a अ in between, but ad अद् + mi मि don't?

Because rule kartarizap adds the a अ to most roots, but ad अद् is an /adAdi root, subject to the exception adiprabhRt....

Will this work with other tenses too?

Let's try a past tense, the /laG —

pac पच् + /laG
→ pac पच् + /tip
→ **apacat अपचत् "was cooking"

Wait. That' sodd. How come pac पच् + /tip made **pacati पचति a bit ago, and now the same pac पच् + /tip makes **apacat अपचत् instead?

Because affixes remember their past incarnations. Rule itazca eats up the i इ of the /tip that was earlier a /laG, but spares the i इ of the /tip that used to be /laT.

Similarly, rule luGlaGlRGkSvaD... adds a अ in front of the root that is before a /tip that replaced /laG, but not if the /tip replaced /laT.