deriv SD cv (49) ashtadhyayi.com hei.de L 49 ETT STT a 1.3.1 ALPH OLDHOMEPAGE NEWHOMEPAGE

bhUvAdayo dhAtavaH

भूवादयो धातवः ONPANINI 13001

The /dhAtu (roots, verb roots) are bhU भू and so on.

This means that a root is whatever is found in the "official list of roots" called /dhAtupATha. As for instance, bhU भू is a root. Also nI नी is a root.

Roots are used to build all verbs, and some nouns. Examples:

root bhU भू + tense /laT → verb **bhavati भवति

root bhU भू + tense /loT → verb **bhavatu भवतु

root pac पच् + tense /laT → verb **pacati पचति (sometimes)

root pac पच् + tense /laT → verb **pacyate पच्यते (some other times)

root bhU भू + /kRt affix /kta
→ nounbase bhUta- भूतॱ "being", "ghost"

nounbase bhUta- भूतॱ + noun ending /jas
→ noun bhUtAs भूतास् "ghosts"

noun bhUtAs भूतास् + /taddhita affix /aN''
→ nounbase bhauta- भौतॱ "possessed by ghosts"

Some nounbases are not built from roots, like azva- अश्वॱ "horse" or bheka- भेकॱ "frog".