deriv SD cv (137) ashtadhyayi.com hei.de L 137 ETT STT a 4.1.2 ALPH OLDHOMEPAGE NEWHOMEPAGE

sv;au;jas am;auT;chaS TA;bhyAm;bhis Ge;bhyAm;bhyas Gasi;bhyAm;bhyas Gas;os;Am Gy;os;sup

स्वौॱजसमौट्छष्टाॱभ्याम्भिस्ङेॱभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिॱभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप् ONPANINI 41002

(After nounbases, /GI and /Ap, always add one of: )
/su /au /jas
/am /auT /zas
/TA /bhyAm /bhis
/Ge /bhyAm /bhyas
/Gasi /bhyAm /bhyas
/Gas /os /Am
/Gi /os /sup'

These twenty-one are called /sup, or noun endings.

(The word "sup " in a sUtra can either mean /sup "any noun ending", or /sup' "the seventh plural noun ending su at the very end of list this rule". Which is surely confusing.)

The noun endings come in seven groups of three —

first endings — /svaujas
second endings — /amauTchaS
third endings — /TAbhyAmbhis
fourth endings — /GebhyAmbhyas
fifth endings — /GasibhyAmbhyas
sixth endings — /GasosAm
seventh endings — /Gyossup

Example. When you mean "the horse is crossing", the nounbase **azva- must get one of the first endings, like this —

**azva- + /su + **tarati → **azvas **tarati "the horse crosses"

Why one of the firsts and not one of the seconds or sevenths?

Rule prAtipadik... says that nounbases get first unless some sUtra says they must get one of the others.

The firsts are three: /su, /au and /jas. How do you know which one belongs here?

According to rule supaH, those /su, /au and /jas are singular dual plural respectively, and sutras bahuSubah... ff say that we choose one of them according to how many horses are we speaking about —

**azva- + /su → azvas tarati "the horse crosses"
**azva- + /au → azvau tarataH "two horses cross"
**azva- + /jas → azvAs taranti "3+ horses cross"