deriv SD cv ashtadhyayi.com hei.de LSK ETT STT a 6.4.1 ALPH OLDHOMEPAGE NEWHOMEPAGE

aGgasya अङ्गस्य ONPANINI 64001

The following rules replace a stem.

/adhikAra, valid for all rules between 64002 halaH > and 81001 sarvasyadve.

This rule means that the subsequent rules apply only when we add an affix, and only to whatever the affix is added to.

Example. Rule nAmi >> seems to be saying "(lengthen a vowel) before nAm नाम्".

If we take that literally, then after doing this

pUtanA- पूतनाॱ + /am → pUtanAm पूतनाम् by amipUrvaH

we would have to lengthen the ta त because it is before the letters nAm नाम्. However, sUtra aGgasya अङ्गस्य tells us that nAmi >> does not apply before just any nAm नाम् letters. It only applies when adding the AFFIX /nAm, and it will only lenghten the final vowel of the stem of that affix.

Similarly, when we add the affix /iJ, rule taddhiteSvac... teaches us to lengthen "the first vowel". Rule aGgasya अङ्गस्य says that we must interpret that to mean "the first vowel OF THE STEM OF /iJ". So we get rAthi- राथिॱ when we add /iJ after **ratha- रथॱ, and we get dAzarathi- दाशरथिॱ when we add /iJ after **dazaratha- दशरथॱ.