deriv SD cv (160) ashtadhyayi.com hei.de L 160 ETT STT a 7.3.102 ALPH OLDHOMEPAGE NEWHOMEPAGE

supi ca सुपि च ONPANINI 73102

Lengthen a अ before /bhyAm and ya य.

Examples with /bhyAm —

**vRkSa- वृक्षॱ + /bhyAm
→ vRkSA- वृक्षाॱ + /bhyAm by this rule
→ !**vRkSAbhyAm वृक्षाभ्याम् "with / to / from two trees"

**azva- अश्वॱ + /bhyAm
→ !**azvAbhyAm अश्वाभ्याम् "with / to / from two horses"

Examples with /Ge —

**vRkSa- वृक्षॱ + /Ge
→ vRkSa- वृक्षॱ + ya य by GeryaH
→ !**vRkSAya वृक्षाय "to a tree" by this rule.

**rAma- रामॱ + /Ge
→ rAma- रामॱ + ya य by GeryaH
→ **rAmAya रामाय

Why do we say "a अ"?

No lengthening of i इ u उ R ऋ —

**RSi- ऋषिॱ + /bhyAm → !**RSibhyAm ऋषिभ्याम् "with two seers"

**guru- गुरुॱ → !**gurubhyAm गुरुभ्याम् "with two teachers"

**kartR- कर्तृॱ → !**kartRbhyAm कर्तृभ्याम् "with two doers"

What's the LITERAL translation of the sUtra?

It is "before /sup too". Adding the inherited words we get —

(Lengthen a अ) before a /sup (that starts with a /yaJ).

Now, the /yaJ letters are y य् v व् r र् l ल् J ञ् m म् G ङ् N ण् n न् jh झ् bh भ्, but of those, only y य् bh भ् happen at the start of /sup endings, namely in /bhyAm ya य seen above, plus /bhyas and /bhis. The last two never get here because of the exception bahuvacan... > or of atobhisa::ais. That's why I translated just "/bhyAm and ya य".

If so, why didn't /pANini just say "before bh भ् y य्"?

There is no need of saying bh;yos भ्योस् when you can inherit yaJi यञि. See pANini's razor.