deriv SD cv (758) ashtadhyayi.com hei.de L 758 ETT STT a 3.1.22 ALPH OLDHOMEPAGE NEWHOMEPAGE

dhAtor ekAco halAdeH kriyA;samabhihAre yaG

धातोरेकाचो हलादेः क्रियाॱसमभिहारे यङ् ONPANINI 31022

After an /ekAc root starting with a consonant, one may add /yaG to mean repetition or intensity.

(There is also a yaG यङ् /taddhita in yaGazcAp.)

These roots are called intensives. They get reduplicated by guNoyaGlukoH —

root pac पच् "cook" + /yaG → root pApacya पापच्य

root jval ज्वल् "shine" + /yaG → root jAjjvalya जाज्ज्वल्य

Verbs with an /upasarga cannot take /yaG, so they must express repetition of intensity somehow else.

Example with repetition:

pac- पच् + /yaG → pApacyate पापच्यते "he's always cooking"

Example with intensity:

jval ज्वल् + /laT /tip → jvalati ज्वलति "it shines"

zuc शुच् + /laT /tip → **zocati शोचति "grieves"

jval- ज्वल् + /yaG + /laT /ta → !**jAjvalyate जाज्वल्यते "it shines brightly"

zuc शुच् + /yaG + /laT /tip → !**zozucyate शोशुच्यते "grieves bitterly"

Why are these /AtmanepadI?

See anudAttaG....

Why do we say /ekAc?

/yaG can't be added after /jAgR or after derivative roots like cikIrSa चिकीर्ष or pAci पाचि.

Why do we say halAdeH हलादेः?

/yaG can't be added after IkS ईक्ष्.

Why do you translate "one may"? There is no such word in the original sUtra.

Just common sense. There are other ways of expressing repetition or intensity —

bhRzam pacati भृशम्पचति "he cooks very seriously"

punaH punar abravIt पुनः पुनरब्रवीत् "he spoke again and again"

bhRzaJ jvalati भृशं ज्वलति "it shines brightly"

**pacatipacati पचतिपचति "he cooks and cooks"

We must use these ways when the root starts with a vowel, carries an /upasarga, or is /anekAc. When it is /ekAc, halAdi and anupasarga अनुपसर्ग, we may either use them or use yaG यङ्.