deriv SD cv (156) ashtadhyayi.com hei.de L 156 ETT STT a 6.1.103 ALPH OLDHOMEPAGE NEWHOMEPAGE

tasmAc chaso naH puMsi

तस्माच्छसो नः पुंसि ONPANINI 61103

After < prathamayoHp... replaces the final short vowel of a masculine, replace the s स् of /zas with n न्.

Translating this sUtra and the previous sUtra together we get —

When /zas comes after a short vowel masculine, delete /zas, lengthen the vowel, and add n न्.

Examples:

**azva- अश्वॱ + /zas
→ azv अश्व् + A आ + s स् merging by < prathamayoHp...
→ azvA अश्वा + n न् replacing s स् by this rule
→ !**azvAn अश्वान् " o horses"

**guru- गुरुॱ + /zas → !**gurUn गुरून्

**RSi- ऋषिॱ + /zas → !**RSIn ऋषीन्

**pitR- पितृॱ + /zas → !**pitRRn पितॄन्

as in

azvAn pazyAmi अश्वान्पश्यामि "I see horses"
gurUn ahatvA गुरूनहत्वा "without murdering my elders"

Why do we say "after short vowels"?

Masculines ending in long vowels or consonants get /zas normally —

**grAmaNI- ग्रामणीॱ m + /zas → !**grAmaNyas ग्रामण्यस्

**senAnI- सेनानीॱ m + /zas → !**senAnyas सेनान्यस्

**suhRd- सुहृद् m + /zas → **suhRdas सुहृदस्

**rAjan- राजन् m + /zas → **rAjJas राज्ञस्

Why do we say "when m "?

After a f , rule < prathamayoHp... works as usual and /zas always keeps it s स् —

mati- मतिॱ f + /zas → !**matIs मतीस् " o opinions"

mRdu- मृदुॱ f + /zas → !**mRdUs मृदूस्

mAtR- मातृॱ f + /zas → **mAtRRs मातॄस् " o mothers" (cf. **mAtaras मातरस्)

And after neuters /zas becomes /zi, so neither this rule nor < prathamayoHp... apply —

**phalAni फलानि

**dadhIni दधीनि

**mRdUni मृदूनि

bahuyantrakartRRNi rajyAni बहुयन्त्रकर्तॄणि रज्यानि (I just made this one up, it follows the rules)

In these, the lengthening comes from sarvanAmasth....