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ciN bhAva-karmaNoH

चिण्भावॱकर्मणोः ONPANINI 31066

There is /ciN instead of /cli when the verb shows nothing or shows the object.

The /luG always adds /cli after the root. This sUtra may replace /cli with "ciN", aka "aorist passive affix".

All tenses show the doer by default. But the option in laHkarmaNic... can make them show nothing or show the object.

In the /luG, if the root is transitive and its object is singular and third person, /cli may be replaced by /ciN and the verb will show the object.

If the root is objectless, /ciN will make it show nothing.

Either way, the /luG itself will be erased by ciNoluk.

Examples that show nothing —

azAyi kaTe अशायि कटे "someone was lying on a mat", "the mat was being slept on", "sleep happened on the mat"

azAyi mayA kaTe अशायि मया कटे "I was lying on a mat"

Examples that show the object —

akAri kaTaH अकारि कटः "the mat was made", "someone made a mat"

akAri tvayA kaTaH अकारि त्वया कटः "the mat was made by you", "you made the mat"

See **azAyi अशायि, **akAri अकारि, **ajJAyi अज्ञायि.

IMPORTANT

When the object is singular, this sUtra is optional.

When the object is not singular, this sUtra is forbidden.

So if I want my /luG to show the object and I don't want to use the /ciN, or I cannot use it because my object is not singular, what do I do? Can you show an example?

You just replace your /luG with a bent /tiG.

No, I cannot show an example, sorry.