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lopaz zAkalyasya

लोपः शाकल्यस्य ONPANINI 83019

Padafinal y य् v व् are optionally deleted (turned into a hiatus) before vowels.

arjunas अर्जुनस् + uvAca उवाच
→ arjunay अर्जुनय् + uvAca उवाच by << bhobhagoagh...
→ **arjunayuvAca अर्जुनयुवाच
→ !**arjuna::uvAca अर्जुन‌उवाच optionally by this rule

**devAs देवास् + **Ucus ऊचुस्
→ devAy देवाय् + Ucus ऊचुस् by << bhobhagoagh...
→ !**devA::Ucus देवा‌ऊचुस् by 1lopazzA १लोपःशा

**tAs तास् + Agacchanti आगच्छन्ति
→ tAy ताय् + Agacchanti आगच्छन्ति by << bhobhagoagh...
→ !**tA::Agacchanti ता‌आगच्छन्ति by 1lopazzA १लोपःशा

Why do we say "optionally"?

**tau तौ + **ubhau उभौ → !**tAvubhau तावुभौ "both of them"

/nau'' + avatu अवतु → **nAvavatu नाववतु

Even though this rule is fully optional according to /pANini, the modern printing convention is —

Before vowels, Av आव् compulsorily stays and av अव् ay अय् Ay आय् compulsorily replace their v व् y य् with hiatus.

So you will never see **arjunayuvAca अर्जुनयुवाच or tA::ubhau ता‌उभौ in print. Even though the pronunciation **arjunayuvAca अर्जुनयुवाच is often heard.

See also /laghu-prayatna-tara.

Why do all your examples have a अ A आ before the y य् v व्? Will this rule apply to, say, uy उय् or ev एव् or oy ओय्?

There are no nounbases or roots ending in y य् v व्, and no affix ever makes a padafinal y य् v व्, so in practice this rule only applies to the outputs of << bhobhagoagh... and ecoyavAyAvaH. Therefore we will always have a अ A आ o ओ before the y य् v व्. And the o ओ will always be the o ओ of bhoy भोय् bhagoy भगोय् aghoy अघोय्. These three make o ओ before /haz and o:: ओ‌ before vowels, see —

bhos भोस् + bhagos भगोस् + pause
→ **bhobhagos भोभगोस् by halisarveSAm >>>.

bhagos भगोस् + aghos अघोस् + pause
→ bhagos भगोस् + aghoH अघोः by sasajuSoruH and <<<< kharavasAn...
→ bhagoyaghoH भगोयघोः by << bhobhagoagh...
→ bhago::aghoH भगो‌अघोः optionally by this rule.