deriv SD cv (215) ashtadhyayi.com hei.de L 215 ETT STT a 1.4.3 ALPH OLDHOMEPAGE NEWHOMEPAGE

y;U stry;Akhyau nadI

यू स्त्र्याख्यौ नदी ONPANINI 14003

An (I ई U ऊ)-ender that specifically means a woman is called a /nadI.

This applies not only to nounbases that are feminine by themselves, like —

**vadhU- वधूॱ f "wife" is /nadI

**nadI- नदीॱ f "river" is /nadI

but also to I ई enders made by adding /GI after nounbase —

**rAjJI- राज्ञीॱ f "queen" is /nadI

**vyAghrI- व्याघ्रीॱ f "tigress" is /nadI

Why I ई U ऊ?

/Ap-enders are not /nadI.

Why "when meaning a woman"?

Masculines and neuters are never /nadI, no matter what letter they end with. So, /grAmaNI- m and /khalapU- m are not a /nadI.

Why "specifically"?

The nounbase "/grAmaNI- f " means a female maior, but is it is not a /nadI because there is another "/grAmaNI- m " nounbase that means a male maior. Same story with /khalapU- f

Why is being /nadI important?

Being /nadI changes some nounendings. E.g., sUtra hrasvanadyAp... turns /Am into /nAm after a /nadI —

**nadI- नदीॱ + /Am → **nadInAm नदीनाम्

but not after a non-/nadI —

**zrI- श्रीॱ + /Am → **zriyAm श्रियाम्

Wait, did you just say that **zrI- श्रीॱ is not a /nadI? This sUtra says it should be!

See exception neyaGuvaGsth... >.

The word y;U यू in this sUtra properly means "(i इ u उ I ई U ऊ)-enders". Why don't you mention i इ u उ in the translation?

No need. Exceptions prevent this rule from working on short i इ u उ.