ArdhadhAtukaM zeSaH

आर्धधातुकं शेषः ONPANINI 34114

All other (affixes that come after roots) are soft.

This means all verb affixes except the /tiG and the /zit.

Examples. The following affixes are soft because they are not /zit, and they are not /tiG —

/sya "will"
/tRc "-er"
/tAs "gonna"
/kta "-ed"

Being soft makes many rules work differently. Example. Rule kartarizap adds /zap to the root before a doershowing hard such as /laT /jhi —

pat पत् + /laT /jhi → pat पत् + /zap + /anti''' → **patanti पतन्ति

But there is no /zap before a doershowing soft such as /liT /jhi —

pat पत् + /liT /jhi → pat पत् + /us → **petus पेतुस्

Also a soft /mas gets /iT —

bhU भू + /liT /mas → bhU भू + /ma → **babhUvima बभूविम

But a hard /mas doesn't —

dviS द्विष् + /laT /mas → **dviSmas द्विष्मस्

The craziest example of this are the /liG affixes, that can be hard or soft. When /liG /tip is soft, we get

bhU भू + soft /liG /tip
→ bhU भू + **yAt यात् → **bhUyAt भूयात्

But when it's hard —

bhU भू + hard /liG /tip
→ bhU भू + /zap + /tip
→ bhU भू + /zap + yA या + /t'''
→ bhU भू + /zap + iy इय् + /t''' by atoyeyaH
→ **bhavet भवेत्

34114 ArdhadhAtukaM zeSaH