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ArdhadhAtukasyeD val-AdeH

आर्धधातुकस्येड्वलादेः ONPANINI 72035

Attach /iT to a /valAdi soft.

This /iT is a Titaugment (don't confuse it with /iT', a verb ending, nor with the /it meaning labelletter). Coulson calls it "connecting i" (chapters 5, 13 and 15).

This sUtra applies only after /seT roots. The /aniT roots never take /iT; see ekAca::up....

Example. The affix /sya is soft. After /seT roots it gets /iT, becoming isya इस्य, and then iSya इष्य by /Satvam. As bhU भू is a /seT root, we have —

bhU भू + /lRT /tip
→ bhU भू + /sya + /tip by syatAsIlRl...
→ bhU भू + iSya इष्य + /tip by this rule and /Satvam
→ bho भो + iSya इष्य + /tip by gbS
→ bhav भव् + iSya इष्य + /tip by ecoyavAyAvaH
→ !**bhaviSyati भविष्यति "will be"

likh लिख् + /sya + /tip
→ lekh लेख् + iSya इष्य + /tip by pugantalagh...
→ !**lekhiSyati लेखिष्यति "will write"

The /liT endings are soft by liTca. Of those, /thal /va /ma are /valAdi and get /iT —

bhU भू + /liT /sip
→ bhU भू + /thal by parasmaipad...
→ bhU- भूॱ + itha इथ by this rule
→ **babhUv- बभूव् + itha इथ
→ !**babhUvitha बभूविथ

bhU भू + /liT /vas → !**babhUviva बभूविव

bhU भू + /liT /mas → **babhUvima बभूविम

Of the bent endings, the valAdi are /vahe''' and /mahe'''.

See also syasicsIyuTt... for a sort of special /iT.

Why do we say "soft"?

The hards never get /iT —

As आस् + /laT /ta → **Aste आस्ते

Why do we say "/valAdi"?

Lookie —

**babhU- बभूॱ + athus अथुस् → **babhUv- बभूव् + athus अथुस् → !**babhUvathus बभूवथुस्

**babhU- बभूॱ + a अ → **babhUv- बभूव् + a अ → **babhUva बभूव

dRz दृश् + /yak + /laT /ta → **dRzyate दृश्यते

Why do we say "after /seT roots"?

After /aniT roots, like nI नी, there's no /iT —

nI नी + /sya + /tip → **neSyati नेष्यति

nI नी + /tumun → **netum नेतुम्

nI नी + /tRc → **netR- नेतृॱ

By gbS, every i इ that is right before a soft should become e ए, so what prevents iSya इष्य from becoming eSya एष्य?

Rule dIdhIvevITAm does that.