deriv SD cv (246) ashtadhyayi.com hei.de L 246 ETT STT a 1.4.6 ALPH OLDHOMEPAGE NEWHOMEPAGE

Giti hrasvaz ca

ङिति ह्रस्वश्च ONPANINI 14006

Before /Git, (feminine) (i इ u उ)-ending as well (as /iyaG /uvaG nounbases are optionally /nadI).

(/strI- f is /iyaG, but compulsorily /nadI.)

The /Git endings are /Ge /Gasi /Gas /Gi.

When we make these /nadI, one of ANnadyAH or GerAmnadyAmn... works, and then /Ge /Gasi /Gas /Gi turn into ai ऐ As आस् As आस् Am आम्.

Examples with (i इ u उ)-enders —

**mRdu- मृदुॱ f + /Ge
→ mRdu- मृदुॱ + ai ऐ by ANnadyAH
→ !**mRdvai मृद्वै "to a soft one"

**mati- मतिॱ f + /Ge
→ mati- मतिॱ + ai ऐ by ANnadyAH
→ **matyai मत्यै

**mati- मतिॱ f + /Gasi
→ mati- मतिॱ + As आस् by ANnadyAH
→ !**matyAs मत्यास् "from thought"

**dhenu- धेनुॱ f + /Gas
→ dhenu धेनु + As आस्
→ !**dhenvAs धेन्वास् "of cow"

tanmati- तन्मतिॱ f + /Gi
→ tanmati- तन्मतिॱ + Am आम् by GerAmnadyAmn...
→ !**tanmatyAm तन्मत्याम् "in his / her opinion"

Examples with /iyaG /uvaG bases —

**zrI- श्रीॱ f + /Ge → **zriyai श्रियै by aciznudhAt... and ANnadyAH

**zrI- श्रीॱ + /Gasi → !**zriyAs श्रियास् by ANnadyAH

**bhrU- भ्रूॱ f + /Gas → !**bhruvAs भ्रुवास् by ANnadyAH

**bhrU- भ्रूॱ + /Gi → !**bhruvAm भ्रुवाम् by GerAmnadyAmn...

Why "optionally"?

If we don't use this rule, then the (i इ u उ)-bases will be /ghi, and the forms will sound like the masculine —

**mRdu- मृदुॱ mf + /Ge → !**mRdave मृदवे "to a soft one" by gherGiti

**zuci- शुचिॱ mf + /Ge → **zucaye शुचये "to a clean one"

**mati- मतिॱ f + /Gasi → **mates मतेस् "from thought" by gherGiti and GasiGasozca

**dhenu- धेनुॱ f + /Gas → **dhenos धेनोस् "of cow" by gherGiti and GasiGasozca

/tad- + **mati- मतिॱ f + /Gi
→ /tad- + matau मतौ by accagheH and aut
→ !**tanmatau तन्मतौ "in his / her opinion"

The /iyaG /uvaG bases will then work like consonant-enders — just add e ए as अस् i इ directly after iy इय् uv उव् —

**zrI- श्रीॱ + /Ge → **zriye श्रिये by /iyaG

**zrI- श्रीॱ + /Gasi → !**zriyas श्रियस् by /iyaG

**bhrU- भ्रूॱ + /Gas → !**bhruvas भ्रुवस् by /uvaG

**bhrU- भ्रूॱ + /Gi → !**bhruvi भ्रुवि

What about /strI-?

The word strI- स्त्रीॱ is always /nadI, so this rule never applies to it and we say **striyai स्त्रियै, **striyAs स्त्रियास्, **striyAm स्त्रियाम्.

How do you know that /strI- is always /nadI?

Because this rule inherits the word astrI अस्त्री from << neyaGuvaGsth.... Hmmm. Come to think of it, I should have translated, like, "and /iyaG /uvaG bases (that are not /strI-)".

What's "/ca" doing in the sUtra?

hrasvazca ह्रस्वश्च means "a short too", namely "a short as well as an /iyaG /uvaG base". Because of the way inheritance works, if there were no /ca this sUtra would only affect i इ u उ.