deriv SD cv (420) ashtadhyayi.com hei.de L 420 ETT STT a 7.3.84 ALPH OLDHOMEPAGE NEWHOMEPAGE

sArvadhAtukArdhadhAtukayoH

सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः ONPANINI 73084

(Replace final /ik with /guNa) before hard and soft.

The hard and the soft include all the affixes that are used to make verbs. These include the /tiG affixes (such as /tip) described at tiptasjhisipth..., the /vikaraNa affixes (such as /za) described at page verb classes, and affixes such as /sya and /cli. And of course their replacements. Also the /kRt affixes that make nouns when added after a root are hard or soft, such as /kta, /tumun, /tRc, /Nvul, /zatR, /zAnac, /khaz and many others.

So we'll finish earlier by listing the affixes that are neither hard nor soft. Those include the /taddhita (that are added after nouns that already have a /sup), the feminine affixes (that are added after a nounbase), and the /sup affixes (that are added after nounbases and feminine affixes by GyApprAtipad...).

So this sUtra basically says that all verb affixes cause /guNa of the last /ik of whatever they are added to.

Example.

In the word **eti एति, from root i इ, when it is before /tip, the i इ of the root, which is an /ik vowel, is replaced with /guNa by this rule —

i इ + /laT
→ i इ + /tip by lasya
→ i इ + /tip because adiprabhRt... debars kartarizap
→ e ए + /tip by 73084 → **eti एति "goes"

This rule will not work when an exception stops it. The main exception is kGitica, which debars all rules that cause /guNa or /vRddhi before affixes that have label G ङ् or label k क्. So we before a /kit affix like /kta —

nI नी "lead" + /kta
→ (now this rule does not make ne ने because the exception kGitica stops it)
→ **nIta- नीतॱ "led"

In the word **imas इमस् "we go", the root i इ, that obviously ends in i इ, did not get /guNa replacement before /mas. But that /mas has neither k क् label nor G ङ् label, so why does this rule not make /guNa?

Because rule sArvadhAtuk... makes that /mas into masG मस्ङ्. The G ङ् label activates kGitica, which prevents /guNa.