chunk 62: special nounbases chunk 62: special nounbases
special nounbases
rootnoun
^ 
ap- "waters"
adas- "that"
asmad- "I, we, me, us"
ahan- n. "day"
anaDuh- m. "ox"
ap- f. "waters"
catur- "four"
dadhi- asthi- sakthi- akSi- and others lose
div- f "sky, heaven". Affected by diva::Wt and diva::ut. Don't mix it up with
diz- "point of the compass, direction"
go- "cow"
idam- "this"
mahat- "big"
nau- "ship"
pathin- "way"
pati- "husband, lord"
pums- "man"
sakhi- "friend"
strI- "woman"
tri- "three"
upAnah- "shoe"
vah- "dragger"
yuj- "joiner"
yuSmad- "you"
rai- "wealth"
SaS- "six"
^ 
The nounbase go- means cow or bull, usually cow. Its gender is f or m, and can be ascertained by looking under the tail.
Special rules that apply to go- --
gotoNit
automzasoH
GasiGasozca
The only commonly used nounbases that end in
^ The nounbase
It turns into
An old proverb goes --
^ 
The rootnoun nI- (from root
These words can be m or f. They are very rare examples of masculine nounbases that end in
As they have no GI and don't end in a consonant, halGyA doesn't work on them --
The endings TA and Ge are added directly to these, with no especial rules, just ikoyaNaci --
They get nAm --
I'm not sure what happens to these before the other sup endings, sorry. Ask hyderabad for the full declension.
^ The nounbase
It has a few quirks --
(A) When former, it turns into
mahat- + 
(B) It is udit, so it makes ugidacA work --
(C) After ugidacA works on it, sAnta works too --
(D) It can get
^ This nounbase means water and is used only before plural sup affixes. It is affected by the special rules ap tRn tRc --
ap- + jas →
and apo bhi --
ap- + bhis →
ap- + bhyas →
No surprises before the other sup --
^ Besides being a sixlike, this nounbase has the bad habit of ending in
SaS- "six" and
^ The pronoun yuSmad- means "you".
The pronoun asmad- means "I, we, me, us".
See also
^ idam- "this" is a pronoun. Related to Latin " idem ".
etad- also means "this".
Rules related to idam- --
idoypuMsi makes
yaHsau makes
^ adas- is a pronoun. It refers to what is away, same as tad-
With su, makes
Makes
^ The following nounbases are all pronouns --
kim- "what, who"
sarva- "all, every, the whole of"
vizva- "all, every, the whole of"
ubha- "both"
^ kim- means "who?", "what?" or "which one?" and is a pronoun.
When used alone, translate as "what?" or "who?" or "which one?". Make it neuter if the answer is expected to be a thing, --
masculine if a living being,
feminine if the living being is suspected to be female --
And of course use a plural if the answer is reasonably expected to be plural --
When it is linked to a noun, translate as "which?" --
The neuter singular
Most of the forms of this pronoun appear to be derived from a nounbase
Being a pronoun, we of course have --
Yet, the true nounbase is kim-, which turns into
Of course the
kim- n + su →
^ rai- "wealth" is the only commonly used nounbase that ends in
It is affected by rAyohali.
^ tri- is affected by these rules (among others) --
masculine:
neuter:
feminine:
^ This pathin- turns
into
into
and into
^ Th nounbase anaDuh- comes from
anaDuh- is affected by caturana and vasusraMsu.
^ The
This rootnoun diz- has kvin, so it is affected by kvinpratyayasya.
The words that mean East also mean forward, South right, West back, and North left.
So, sometimes you'll come across mistranslations from Sanskrit that go, like, "the Himalaya is at the left of India". That doesn't mean the left as drawn on a map, but the left as you face the rising Sun.
Sometimes the quarters are said to be four, E S W N. Other times they are said to be eight, because the intermediate quarters SE SW NE NE are included too. Other times they are said to be then, because the directions upward and downward are added. So the expression
^ Grammarians say that dyo- works like go-. Yet, some of those dyo- forms allowed by grammarians are never found.
div- sometimes turns into
^ There aren't any special rules about nau- f "ship". Its remarkable point is that it is the only nounbase that ends in
No rule deletes the calling --
Before vowels, ecoya works --
^ The rootnoun yuj- means "joiner".
It has kvin, by RtvigdadhRk.
It gets num by yujerasamAse
It can be used alone.
With nonneuter su, it makes
^ This base is always nadI, so it gets nAm,
Loses su, --
shortens before calling --
It is
replaces
Before am zas that iyaG replacement is optional, by vA'm;zasoH. -- strIm, striyAm, strIs, striyas
^ The nounbase sakhi- m means "friend" or "brother-in-law".
sakhi- with non- calling su makes
But the calling su works normally --
sakhi- becomes
Gas Gasi after sakhi- become
The feminine has GI,
^ The neuter nounbase ahan- means "day".
Because of rule ahan, it turns into
ahan- + bhyAm →
Because of rule rosupi, it turns into ahar when svamorna or supodhA luked the sup --
ahan- + Gas +
Before the other endings it works normally --
When latter, ahan- can become
Or
^ This
Yet, its old meaning is something like "your honor", so the verb that goes with it will always take third person endings such as tip --
unlike the verb that goes with yuSmad-, that always takes second person endings like sip --
Translating
chunk 62: special nounbases