chunk 64: preverbs chunk 64: preverbs→ DEFINITIONS --------------------------------------------------
List of preverbs.
^ 
The meanings of the prAdi can be quite unpredictable. And in some cases they are meaningless (
abhi "towards, approaching"
adhi "towards, approaching"
AG as in
anu "following"
apa "away; south"
ati "surpassing, beyond, too much"
ava "down; south"
ni "down"
pari "around"
sam "coming together"
ud "up; north"
upa "near; down"
vi "all around, spreading outwards, going apart"
See also the upasarga list at learnsanskrit dor org.
^ 
The preverb
In some cases, AG has no meaning --
Rule aT;ku;pv;AG;nu mentions this AG so as to remind us that Natvam can skip it over when it is before a Nopadeza root --
pari + AG +
^ 
When anu is a preverb it can mean "after" in the sense of "following" --
With bhU, it makes "experience" --
^ ava usually means "downward" --
But joined to verbs meaning "go", it makes "understand" --
To mean "undergo" in the sense of "experience (duress etc.)", those won't work. Use anu + bhU instead.
^ This prAdi is only used as a former. It is never a preverb.
It is often found in front of action nouns with the meaning of "hard to do" --
dus +
(Notice that dus sometimes sounds like
It can also be compounded in front of any noun to mean "bad" or "evil" --
Those can get the su' that means "very" --
^ 
This prAdi is only used as a former. It is never a preverb.
^ This prAdi is only used as a former. It is never a preverb.
Don't confuse it with the su affix.
^ The preverb ni may mean "down" --
Notice that ava too means "down".
^ The preverb pari means "around" --
^ in front, forward
start to
previously, pre-
East
But, in the epics, it often appears to be used as filler.
Back to list of preverbs.
^ prati as a preverb means --
towards
backwards, against, counter-, back --
before a noun it can mean --
westward
against
every (only before time words)
^ The preverb sam sometimes means "coming together", sometimes "all together" --
It can mean also "completely", like the "up" in English "eat up" --
In the epics, sam often appears to be just filler. I mean to say, verbs such as
Back to list of preverbs.
^ When not a preverb, it can mean "up" or "north".
"Up" can mean "north" because when you are "oriented", that is, looking to the Orient (rising sun), the
^ The preverb vi means "away" --
In the epics, vi is often just to be ignored.
As a former before a noun, vi means "lacking, deprived of" --
chunk 64: preverbs→ DEFINITIONS --------------------------------------------------