luG-sanor ghasL ONPANINI 24037
ad to ghas before luG and san.mmmmmmmmm ^ C+ 194

Examples --

ad + luG tip ghas(L) + tip →luGlaG aghasL + tip →puSAdidyu aghas + aG + ti → aghas + a + t''' → aghasat "ate"

ad + san + laT tip ghas + san + tip →sassyA ghat + san + tip jighatsati "wants to eat"

veJo vayiH ONPANINI 24041
veJ to vay (optionally before liT).mmmmmmmmm ^ C+ 195

Long story short, this teaches that the liT of veJ may optionally be like the liT of vac, but with y instead of c --

uvAya Uyatus Uyus "wove"

If we do not take this option, veJ makes its liT as if it were vA (see Adeca_u), but it does not get the liTyabhyAsa stretching because of the exception veJaH --

vavau vavatus vavus "wove"

hano vadha liGi ONPANINI 24042
han to vadha before ( soft) liG.mmmmmmmmm ^ M- C+ 196

Examples --

han + @soft liG tas → han + @soft yAt'''' vadha + yAt →atolopaH vadhyAt "may he kill"

han + @soft liG tas → han + yAstAm''' → vadha + yAstAm →atolopaH vadhyAstAm "may both kill"

han + @soft liG jhi → han + yAsus''' vadha + yAsus →atolopaH vadhyAsus "may they kill"

But before hard liG the han stays --

han + @hard yAt''' → hanyAt "may he kill"

luGi ca ONPANINI 24043
(Replace han with vadha) before luG (and soft liG).mmmmmmmmm ^ C+ 197

As in --

han + luG tip aT + han + t''' a + vadha + t → avadha + sic + t →atolopaH avadh + s + t → avadh + s + It''' →iTa::ITi avadhIt "he killed"

See exception AtmanepadeSvanyatarasyAm below.

AtmanepadeSv anyatarasyAm ONPANINI 24044
( han to vadha) optionally before bent ( luG).mmmmmmmmm ^ M+ C+ 198

So before bent, we can either let luGica work --

AG + han + luG ta →luGica A + vadha + ta → Avadha + sic + ta →ArdhadhAtukasyeD Avadha + iSic + ta →atolopaH Avadh + iS + ta →STunA AvadhiSTa "he hit"

A + han + luG AtAm → A + vadha + AtAm AvadhiSAtAm "both hit"

AvadhiSata "they hit"

Or leave the han in place --

Ahan + sic + ta →hanassic Ahan + (k)sic + ta →anudAttopadeza Aha + s + ta →hrasvAdaGgAt Ahata "he hit"

Ahan + sic + AtAm AhasAtAm "both hit"

Ahan + sic + jha → Ahan + sic + ata''' Ahasata "they hit"

This sutra sounds exactly like AtmanepadeSvanyatarasyAmx.

iNo gA luGi ONPANINI 24045
iN' and ik to gAG before luG.mmmmmmmmm ^ M- C+ 199

The roots i(N)' gatau "go" and i(k) smaraNe "memorize" 02.0042 turn into gA(G) before luG.

After this gA, sic is deleted by gAtisthA.

Examples --

iN' + luG tip gAG + tip →luGlaG agA + tip → agA + t''' → agA + sic + t →gAtisthA agAt "he went"

adhi + ik + luG tip adhi + gA + tip →luGlaG adhi + agA + tip →ikoyaNaci adhyagA + tip → adhyagA + t''' → adhyagA + sic + t''' →gAtisthA adhyagAt "he remembered"

adhi + ik + luG jhi adhyagus "they remembered" ( same steps, plus usya )

The root i(G) adhIte adhyayane "study" gets this change optionally by vibhASAluGlRGoH. As in adhyaiSTa, adhyagISTa.

iGaz ca ONPANINI 24048
iG too to (gam(i) before san)mmmmmmmmm ^ C+ 200

Example --

adhi + iG + san adhi + gam + san →sanyaGoH adhigagamsa →kuhozcuH adhijagamsa →sanyataH adhijigamsa →ajjhana adhijigAmsa →nazcA adhijigAMsa "want to study"

This gam is Git because iG is Git, so it's bendy by anudAttaGita --

adhijigAmsa + laT ta adhijigAMsate "he wants to study"

gAG liTi ONPANINI 24049
( iG to) gAG before liT.mmmmmmmmm ^ C+ 201

The root iG "study" turns into gA(G) before liT (by this rule), and before luG lRG (by vibhASA luG;lRGoH).

Example --

adhi + iG + liT ta → adhi + iG + ez adhi + gAG + e →liTidhA adhi + jagA + e →Atolopa::i adhijage "he studied"

The A of gA falls not only before Git by Atolopa_i, but also before whatever is not JNit, by gAGkuTAdi.

vibhASA luG;lRGoH ONPANINI 24050
( iG to gAG) optionally before luG lRG.mmmmmmmmm ^ C+ 202

Before luG or lRG, we may replace iG "study" with gA(G) --

adhi + iG + luG ta adhi + gAG + ta →luGlaG adhi + a + gA + ta adhyagA + sic + ta →gAGkuTAdi adhyagA + (G)s(ic) + ta →ghu;mA;sthA;gA adhyagI + s + ta adhyagISTa "he studied"

adhi + iG + lRG ta adhi + gAG + ta adhyagA + sya + ta adhyagISyata "he would have studied"

If we choose not to replace, business as usual --

adhi + iG + luG ta →ADajAdInAm adhi + ( AT + i ) + ta →ATazca adhi + ai + ta → adhi + ai + sic + ta → adhyai + s + ta adhyaiSTa "he studied"

adhi + iG + lRG ta adhyai + sya + ta →kric adhyaiSyata "he would have studied"

aster bhUH ONPANINI 24052
Replace as with bhU (before soft).mmmmmmmmm ^ C+ 203

So we will only hear as before hard affixes.

Example before soft tAs --

as + luT tip → as + tAs + tip → as + tA bhU + tA →ArdhadhAtukasyeD bhu + itA + tip →hardsoft bho + itA →ecoya bhavitA

Example before soft sya --

as + lRT tip as + iSya + tip bhU + iSya + tip bhaviSyati "there will be"

zuklazH zakunir bhaviSyati "there will be a white bird; the bird will turn white"

Example before liT ( liT is soft by liTca) --

as + liT → as + Nal bhU + Nal →bhuvovugluGliToH bhUv + Nal →liTidhA bhUbhUv + a →abhyAsecarca bUbhUva →hrasvaH bubhUva →bhavateraH babhUva "there was"

tato dazarathaH prApya pAyasanM devanirmitam | babhUva paramaprItaH prApya vittam ivAdhanaH ||

There is an exception to this rule: the auxiliary as is not replaced with bhU .

bruvo vaciH ONPANINI 24053
brU to vac (before soft).mmmmmmmmm ^ C+ 204

This is the same thing as saying that root brU can only be used before hard. So, we'll only hear brU before laT, laG, loT and hard liG --

brU + laT tip →bruva::IT brU + Itip →hardsoft bro + Iti →ecoya bravIti "says"

Elsewhere, replace brU with vac. Or with any of the roots for "say" , actually.

supo dhAtu;prAtipadikayoH ONPANINI 24071
sup to ( luk) inside root and nounbase.mmmmmmmmm ^ M+ C+ 205

This rule can be reworded into:

" sup to luk before rootmaker, before taddhita, when former. "

Example before taddhita --

apatyanM dakSasya → dakSasya + iN dakSa + iN →taddhiteSva dAkSa + i →yasyetica dAkSi- "descendant of dakSa"

Example before a sanAdi --

putram + icchati → putram + kyac putra + kyac →kyacica putrIya "to want to have a son"

Example of former --

When joining brahmaNas "of brahmA" and lokas "world" into a compound, the former, brahmaNas, made from brahman- + Gas, loses its Gas --

brahmaNas + lokas "Brahma's world" brahman + lokas →nalopaHprA brahmaloka- "Brahmaworld"

In some compounds this rule does not work. Those are called " aluk compounds ". See gaviyudhi for an example.