72087 rules for /yuSmad- /asmad- ←
72114
72115 Vowel to before
72116 Nexttolast
72117 Before
72118 before a
73003 But if there is a wordfinal
73004 Same goes for the
73032
73033
73034 Some
73036
73040
73043
73044
Exception to puganta, that would have made
This
As this is one of the rules that replaces with vRddhi, rule kGitica will stop it. So before kta, which is a kit affix, we say --
Why do I say "before root affix"? Because this rule won't work when the rootnoun
KAZIKA vibhaktau iti nivRttam. mRjer aGgasya iko vRddhir bhavati. mArSTA. mArSTum. mArSTavyam. mRjer iti dhAtu-grahaNam idam, dhAtoz ca kAryam ucyamAnaM dhAtu-pratyaya eva veditavyam ( svarUpagrahaNe). tena kiMsa-parimRDbhyAM, kaMsa-parimRDbhir ity atra na bhavati.
The JNit affixes replace the last vowel of their stem with vRddhi.
Examples of roots getting vRddhi before Nic ciN Nal Nyat --
zIG + luT ta
Examples of nounbases getting vRddhi before a sup that became Nit --
This rule won't work before a JNit taddhita (such as aN), because of exception taddhiteSva below.
See ata_upa next.
KAZIKA ajantasya aGgasya Jiti Niti ca pratyaye vRddhir bhavati. Jiti ekastaNDulanizcAyaH. dvau zUrpaniSpAvau. kAraH. hAraH. Niti gauH, gAvau, gAvaH. sakhAyau, sakhAyaH. jaitram. yautram. cyautnaH. jayater yautezca uNAdayo bahulam
Example with the kRt affix
as in
Example with the tiG affix
Example with a sup affix --
go- + su →
See also exception nodAttopadezasya.
KAZIKA aGgopadhAyA akArasya sthAne Jiti Niti ca pratyaye vRddhir bhavati. pAkaH. tyAgaH. yAgaH. pAcayati. pAcakaH. pAThayati. pAThakaH. ataH iti kim? bhedayati. bhedakaH. upadhAyAH iti kim? cakAsayati takSakaH.
Exception to acoJNiti and ata_upa. The FIRST of the vowels of whatever a JNit taddhita is added to, must be replaced with vRddhi.
Example. iJ is a taddhita and is Jit. So when we add it to
Example before aN --
KAZIKA taddhite Jiti Niti ca pratyaye parato 'Ggasya acAm AdeH acaH sthAne vRddhir bhavati. gArgyaH. vAtsyaH. dAkSiH. plAkSiH. Niti aupagavaH. kApaTavaH. tvASTraH, jAgataH ity atra acAm Ader vRddhir antyopadhA-lakSaNAM vRddhiM bAdhate.
Example with Thak --
This won't work on what starts with vi before vowel, like
KAZIKA kiti ca taddhite parato 'GgasyAcAm AdeH acaH sthAne vRddhir bhavati. naDAdibhyaH phak nADAyanaH. cArAyaNaH prAg vahateS Thag AkSikaH. zAlAkikaH. iti yAM vRttau saptamAdhyAyasya dvitIyaH pAdaH. saptamAdhyAyasya tRtIyaH pAdaH.
Careful. Only the
According to taddhiteSva and kitica, we must replace with vRddhi the first vowel of the stem of a Jit Nit kit taddhita.
But this exception says that when the stem is a compound, and the first vowel of the compound follows a wordfinal
Examples with the compounds
KAZIKA yakAra-vakArAbhyAm uttarasya acAm AdeH acaH sthAne vRddhir na bhavati, tAbhyAM tu yakAra-vakArAbhyAM pUrvam aij-Agamau bhavataH Jiti, Niti, kiti ca taddhite parataH. yakArAtaikAraH, vakArAtaukAraH. vyasane bhavam vaiyasanam. vyAkaraNam adhIte vaiyAkaraNaH. svazvasya apatyaM sauvazvaH. yvAbhyAm iti kim? nrarthasya apatyam nrArthiH. padAntAbhyAm iti kim? yaSTiH praharaNam asya yASTIkaH yataH chAtrAH yAtAH. pratiSedhavacanam aicor viSaya pra-kLpty-artham. iha mA bhUt, dAdhyazviH, mAdhvazviH iti. nahyatra yvAbhyAm uttarasya vRddhiprasaGgo 'sti. vRddher abhAvAt pratiSedho 'pi na asti ity aprasaGgaH. uttarapada-vRddher apy ayaM pratiSedha iSyate. pUrvatryalinde bhavaH pUrvatraiyalindaH. yatra tu uttarapadasambandhI yaN na bhavati tatra na iSyate pratiSedhaH. dve azItI bhRto bhUto bhAvI vA dvyAzItikaH.
Addition to nayvAbhyAmpa. The
Example. To mean "appointed to (watch) at the door", we may add Thak after
At this point, ordinarily rule kitica would replace
In the ashtadhyayidotcom
For more examples, see the kAzikA.
KAZIKA dvAra ityevam AdInAM yvAbhyAm uttarapadasya acAmAderacaH sthAne vRddhir na bhavati, pUrvau tu tAbhyAm aijAgamau bhavataH. dvAre niyuktaH dauvArikaH. dvArapAlasya idaM dauvArapAlam. tadAdividhizca atra bhavati. svaram adhikRtya kRto granthaH sauvaraH. sauvaraH adhyAyaH, sauvaryaH saptamyaH iti. vyalkaze bhavaH vaiyalkazaH. svasti ityAha sauvastikaH. svarbhavaH sauvaH. avyayAnAM bhamAtre TilopaH. svargamanam Aha sauvargamanikaH. svAdhyAya iti kecit paThanti, tadanarthakam. zobhano 'dhyAyaH ityetasyAM vyutpattau tu pUrveNa eva siddham. atha api evaM vyutpattiH kriyate, svo 'dhyAyaH svAdhyAyaH iti? evam apyatra eva svazabdasya eva pAThAt siddham. tadAdAvapi hi vRddhiriyaM bhavatyeva. sphyakRtasya apatyam sphaiyakRtaH. svAdumRdunaH idam sauvAdumRdavam. zunaH idam zauvanam. aNi
Actually this rule just replaces han with
han + Nic + tip
Before ciN or Nal this rule does not work, but hohante still works --
KAZIKA taddhiteSu iti nivRttam, tatsambaddhaM kiti ityapi. JNiti iti vartate. hanaH takArodezo bhavati Jiti, Niti pratyaye parataH ciNNalau varjayitvA. ghAtayati. ghAtakaH. sAdhughAtI. ghAtaMghAtam. ghAto vartate. aciNNaloH iti kim? aghAni. jaghAna. dhAto kAryam ucyamAnaM dhAtoH pratyaye vijJAyate. iha na bhavati, vArtraghnam itarat iti.
This rule won't work before JNit taddhita affixes, as in
This
Example with ciN --
Examples with Nvul and Na, which are JNit kRt --
KAZIKA AkArAntasya aGgasya ciNi kRti JNiti yugAgamo bhavati. adAyi. adhAyi. kRti dAyaH. dAyakaH. dhAyaH. dhAyakaH. ciNkRtoH iti kim? dadau. dadhau. cauDiH, bAlAkiH, bAhvAditvAtiJ. jJA devatA asya jJaH.
This affects
But will not affect some others --
and will not affect
AG +
KAZIKA nodAttopadezasya mAntasyAn-AcameH 73034. udAtopadezasya mAntasya aGgasya Acamivarjitasya ciNi kRti ca JNiti yaduktaM tan na bhavati. kiM ca uktam? ata upadhAyAH 72116 iti vRddhiH. azami. atami. adami. kRti khalvapi zamakaH. tamakaH. damakaH. zamaH. tamaH. damaH. udAttopadezasya iti kim? yAmakaH. rAmakaH. katham udyamoparamau? aDa udyame, yama uparame iti nipAtanAdanugantavyau. upadezagrahaNam kim? zamI, damI, tamI ityatra yathA syAt, iha mA bhUt, yAmakaH, rAmakaH iti. mAntasya iti kim? cArakaH. pAThakaH. anAcameH iti kim? AcAmakaH. anAcamikamivamInAm iti vaktavyam. AcAmaH. kAmaH. vAmaH. AmaH iti caurAdikasya Nici vRddhau satyAM bhavati. tatra hi mittvaM na asti na anye mito 'hetau iti. sUryavizrAmA bhUmiH ityevam AdikaM prayogamanyAyyam eva manyante. ciNkRtoH ityeva, zazAma. tatAma.
Add
The
dA + Nic + laT tip
jJA + Nic + laT tip
Notice: because of mitAMhrasvaH, we can also say
Rule puganta works on the puk-ender roots
KAZIKA sarvaM nivRttam, aGgasya iti vartate. arti hrI vlI rI knUyI kSmAyI ity eteSAm aGgAnAm AkArAntAnAM ca pug-Agamo bhavati Nau parataH. arti arpayati. hrI hrepayati. vlI vlepayati. rI repayati. knUyI knopayati. kSmAyI kSmApyati. AkArAntAnAm dApayati. dhApayati. arti iti R gatiprApaNayoH, R gatau iti dvayor api dhAtvor grahaNam. rI ityapi rI gatireSaNayoH, rIG zravaNe iti. pukaH pUrvAntakaraNam adIdapad ity atra upadhA-hrasvo yathA syAd iti.
Example --
There are other words that also mean "frightens", such as
KAZIKA bhI ityetasya hetubhaye 'rthe SugAgamo bhavati Nau parataH. muNDo bhISayate. jaTilo bhISayate. atra api bhI I iti IkAraprazleSaH kRtAtvasya pugnivRttyarthaH. muNDo bhApayate ity evaM hi tatra bhavati. hetubhaye iti kim? kuJcikayA enaM bhAyayati. na atra hetuH prayojako bhayakAraNam, kiM tarhi, kuJcikA.
Example --
KAZIKA ruheH aGgasya anyatarasyAM pakAr'-Adezo bhavati Nau parataH. vrIhIn ropayati, vrIhIn rohayati.
In less words --
"
This affects several affixes that have
The
KAZIKA pratyayasthAt kakArAt pUrvasya akArasya ikArAdezo bhavati Api parataH, sa cedAp supaH paro na bhavati. jaTilikA. muNDikA. kArikA. hArikA. etikAz caranti. pratyaya-grahaNaM kim? zaknoti iti zakA. sthagrahaNam vispaStArtham. kakAramAtraM pratyayo na asti iti sAmarthyAt pratyayasthasya grahaNam zakyate vijJAtum. kAtiti kim? maNDanA. ramaNA. pUrvasya iti kim? parasya mA bhUt, paTukA. mRdukA. ataH iti kim? gokA. naukA. taparakaraNaM kim? rAkA. dhAkA. Api iti kim? kArakaH. dhArakaH. atha Api ityanena kim? viziSyate? kakAraH. yadyevam, kArikA ityatra api na prApnoti, akAreNa vyavahitatvAt? ekAdeze kRte na asti vyavadhAnam. ekAdezaH pUrvavidhau sthAnivadbhavati iti vyavadhAnam eva? vacanAd vyavadhAnamIdRzaM yat sthAnivadbhAvakRtam ekena varNena tadAzrIyate. rathakaTyAdiSu tu zrutikRtam anekena varNena vyavadhAnam iti itvaM na bhavati. asupaH iti kim? bahavaH parivrAjakA asyAM mathurAyAm bahuparivrAjakA mathurA. subantAdayaM bahu-parivrAjaka-zabdAt paraH Apiti pratiSedho bhavati. prasajyapratiSedhazcAyam, na paryudAsaH. paryudAse hi sati samudAyAdasubantAt parataH Apiti itvam atra syAdeva. avidyamAnaH sup yasmin so 'yam asupiti? evam api nAzIyate. tathA hi sati bahucarmikA ityatra api na syAt. mAmakanarakayorupasaGkhyAnaM kartavyam apratyayasthatvAt. mama iyaM mAmikA narikA. aNi mamakAdezaH. kevalamAmaka iti niyamAt saMjJA-chandasoH IkAro nAsty atra, tena aN-pratyayAntAd api TAp bhavati, narAn kAyati iti narikA. Ato 'nupasarge kaH 32003 iti kaH pratyayaH. pratyayaniSedhe tyaktyapozca upasaGkhyAnam. udIcAmAtaH sthAne yakpUrvAyAH 73046 iti vikalpo mA bhUtiti. dIkSiNAtyikA. ihatyikA.
72087 rules for /yuSmad- /asmad- ←