the sup groups ←

chunk 54: lists of tense replacers

→ formation of tense replacers

lists of tense replacements
liG replacements
Flat hard liG.
Flat hard liG after a.
Flat soft liG.
Bent hard liG.
Bent soft liG.
laT replacements
laG replacements
liT replacements
loT replacements
luT replacements.




(listsoftensereplacemen) (lis)

lists of tense replacementsmmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ M+ C+ 1112

laT replacements

laG replacements

loT replacements

liG replacements

liT replacements

luT replacements

90 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 5 -- popularity 5

1116 @Flat @soft /liG.




(liGreplacements) (liG)

liG replacementsmmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ M+ C+ 1113

flat hard liG

flat hard liG after a

bent hard liG

flat soft liG

bent soft liG

(Back to lists of tense replacements .)

91 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 10 -- popularity 4




(/yAt''') (/yAt''')

flat hard liG.mmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ M- C+ 1114

When the nine flat tiG replace hard liG, and they are not after a, they turn into --

yAt''' yAtAm''' yus'''

yAs''' yAtam''' yAta'''

yAm''' yAva''' yAma'''

Examples --

dviS + @hard liG tipdviS + yAt'''dviSyAt "he would hate; may he hate"

zru + znu + @hard liG tipzRNu + tipzRNu + yAt'''zRNuyAt "he would hear; may he hear"

See also flat hard liG after a .

See also formation of flat hard liG .

Back to liG replacements .

317 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 36 -- popularity 24




(/et''') (/et')

flat hard liG after a.mmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ M- C+ 1115

When the nine flat hard liG affixes (namely yAt''' yAtAm''' yus''' etc) follow an a, that a and the liG combine into --

et''' etAm''' eyus'''

es''' etam''' eta'''

eyam''' eva''' ema'''

Examples with zapclass, zaclass, nichclass, sanAdi roots --

bhU + @hard liG tipbhava + yAt'''bhav + et'''bhavet "he would be"

bhU + @hard liG jhibhava + yus'''bhav + eyus'''bhaveyus "they would be"

kSipa + yAt'''kSip + et'''kSipet "he would throw"

cintaya + yAs'''cintay + es'''cintayes "you would think"

suSupsa + yAt'''suSups + et'''suSupset "he would be about to sleep"

See also formation of the flat hard liG after a .

Back to liG replacements .

492 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 50 -- popularity 7

405 /tas /thas /tha /mip to /tAm''' /tam''' /ta''' /am''' (in [@Git tense]s).

407 @Flat (/liG) gets {yAs(uT)} and !G @label.

419 /liG when wishing is optionally (@soft).




(/yAt'''') (/yAt'''')

flat soft liG.mmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ C- 1116

The nine flat tiG, when they replace soft liG, turn into --

yAt'''' yAstAm''' yAsus'''

yAs'''' yAstam''' yAsta'''

yAsam''' yAsva''' yAsma'''

(see rules that form the flat soft liG for details)

The root will get no zap etc because these are soft, and will get no hardsoft or puganta because they are Git (by yAsuTpa). These affixes will never get iT because they are not valAdi.

Examples --

bhU + @soft liG mipbhU + yAsam'''bhUyAsam "may I be"

bhU + @soft liG tipbhU + yAt'''bhUyAt "may he be"

Back to lists of tense replacements .

412 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 162 -- popularity 6

209 /han to /vadha before (@soft) /liG.

663 Erase !a before @soft.

922 Lengthen before /yak, /kyaG, /yaG, @soft /yAsuT.

1113 /liG replacements




(/Ita''') (/Ita)

bent hard liG.mmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ C+ 1117

The bent tiG affixes, when they replace hard liG, turn into --

Ita''' IyAtAm''' Iran'''

IthAs''' IyAthAm''' Idhvam'''

Iya''' Ivahi''' Imahi'''

Example:

dviS + @hard liG tadviS + Ita'''dviSIta "he would hate"

Of course after a we get AdguNaH --

plava + liG taplava + Ita''' AdguNaH plaveta "he would jump"

dviS + karmaNi @hard liG tadviS + yak + tadviSya + Ita''' AdguNaH dviSyeta "he would be hated"

See also bent hard liG rules .

Back to liG replacements .

338 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 188 -- popularity 8

406 (@Bent) /liG gets {sIy(uT)}.

408 (/liG) /jha to /ran.

951 (@Stammer of) !nij !vij !viS to /guNa before /zlu.

1061 After /iN, !dh of !SIdhvam, /luG and /liT to (!Dh).

1075 (/Natvam won't) replace @wordfinal.




(/sISTa''') (/sIS)

bent soft liG.mmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ M- C+ 1118

When the bent affixes replace the soft liG tense, they turn into --

sISTa''' sIyAstAm''' sIran'''

sISThAs''' sIyAsthAm''' sIdhvam'''

sIya''' sIvahi''' sImahi'''

(the sIdhvam''' will sometimes turn into SIDhvam by iNaSSIdhva.)

(See bent soft liG rules if you are curious about which rules form these affixes.)

These affixes have no G label, therefore they do trigger hardsoft and puganta, unlike the other liG replacers. (The flat liG affixes, hard and soft, get G from yAsuTpa, the hard bent get G from hard apit is Git , and the soft bent do not get any G from anywhere.) But when they are after an aniT root that ends in R RR, they get k label by uzca.

These affixes start with s, unlike the other liG, so they are valAdi and may get iT. When they do, the s gets kric. When they get no iT, the s will still get kric after roots ending in k r ic.

Example --

plu + @soft liG taplu + sISTa''' hardsoft plo + sISTa''' kric ploSISTa "may he jump"

Also, being soft affixes that do not start with yac, they will get iT after seT roots --

vRdh + @soft liG tavRdh + sISTa''' ArdhadhAtukasyeD vRdh + isISTa puganta vardh + isISTa kric vardhiSISTa "may he prosper"

855 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 210 -- popularity 11




(laTreplacements) (laTr)

laT replacementsmmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ C+ 1119

When the flat tiG replace laT, they stay unchanged --

tip tas jhi

sip thas tha

mip vas mas

The bent, however, turn into --

te''' Ate''' jhe'''

se''' Athe''' dhve'''

e''' vahe''' mahe'''

The jhi and jhe will be replaced

either with anti''' ante''' by rule jhontaH

or with ati''' ate''' by the two rules below jhontaH

The bents were changed by rules Tita and thAsasse.

(Back to lists of tense replacements .)

322 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 250 -- popularity 3




(laGreplacements) (laG)

laG replacementsmmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ C+ 1120

When the flat tiG affixes replace laG, they are affected by tasthastha, itazca or nityaGGitaH, and turn into --

t''' tAm''' jh'''

s''' tam''' ta'''

am''' va''' ma'''

The jh''' affix will turn into ant''' or into at''' by rules jhontaH ff. That ant''' always loses its t by saMyogAnta.

The bent tiG affixes that replace laG, however, stay unchanged --

ta AtAm jha

thAs AthAm dhvam

iT' vahi mahi

The jha will turn into anta''' or into ata''' by rules jhontaH ff.

Back to lists of tense replacements .

396 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 270 -- popularity 4

1126 Formation of @flat @hard /liG.

1461 rules that form the @flat @soft /liG




(liTreplacements) (liT)

liT replacementsmmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ C+ 1121

When the flat replace liT, rule Nalatusus turns them into --

Nal atus us

thal athus a

Nal va ma

The bent, by rules irec and Tita and thAsasse, turn into --

ez Ate''' irec

se''' Athe''' dhve'''

e''' vahe''' mahe'''

166 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 337 -- popularity 3

1112 lists of tense replacements




(loTreplacements) (loTreplm)

loT replacementsmmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ C+ 1122

When loT is replaced with the eighteen tiG, they turn into --

tu''' tAm''' jhu'''

hi''' tam''' ta'''

Ani''' Ava''' Ama'''

tAm'''' AtAm'''' jhAm''''

sva''' AthAm'''' dhvam''''

ai''' Avahai''' Amahai'''

Of course, because of jhontaH and its two exceptions,

jhu''' will turn into antu''' or atu''',

and jhAm'''' into antAm'''' or atAm''''.

See loT replacement rules to find out which rules made these affixes.

Back to lists of tense replacements .

365 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 356 -- popularity 8




(/tAsmi) (/tAs)

luT replacements.mmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ M- C+ 1123

To make the luT verbs, add these after the root --

tA tArau tAras

tAsi tAsthas tAstha

tAsmi tAsvas tAsmas

tA tArau tAras

tAse tAsAthe tAdhve

tAhe tAsvahe tAsmahe

These are not luT replacers, but the tAs affix that follows the root, joined with the luT replacer. For instance, tAras is tAs plus jhi. The tAs affix will cause hardsoft or puganta of the root.

So, whenever I write --

plu + loT jhiplu + tAras hardsoft plotAras "they will jump"

that's just short for --

plu + loTplu + jhiplu + tAs + jhi hardsoft plo + tAs + jhi → .. → plotAras

All of these start with tAs, so they will combine with the root in the same way the root combines with tavya tRc tumun, which are also non- kGit softs that start with t. So, for instance, we have kharica in these four --

chid + tavya hardsoft ched + tavya kharica chettavya- "that should be split"

chid + tRc → .. → chettR- "a splitter"

chid + tumun → .. → chettR- "to split"

chid + tAras → .. → chettAras "they will split"

As tAs is a valAdi soft, all of these eighteen will sometimes get iT --

bhU + loT jhibhU + tAras ArdhadhAtukasyeD bhU + itAras hardsoft bho + itAras ecoya bhavitAras "they will be"

budh + tAras ArdhadhAtukasyeD budh + itAras puganta bodh + itArasbodhitAras "they will realize"

If these doesn't get iT, sometimes the t of tAs will combine with the last consonant of the root --

dRz + tAras sRjidRzo draz + tAras vrazca;bhrasja draS + tAras STunA draSTAras "they will see"

budh + tAras puganta bodh + tAras jhaSastatho bodh + dhAras jhalAMjazjhazi boddhAras "they will realize"

chid + tAras kharica chit + tAras puganta chettAras "they will split"

See also split luT .

See also formation of luT if you're curious.

1109 letters. -- 905tensereplacers.bse 523 -- popularity 12
















the sup groups ←

chunk 54: lists of tense replacers

→ formation of tense replacers