lists of tense replacers ←

chunk 55: formation of tense replacers

→ pronoun tables

loT replacement rules
formation of luT
Formation of flat hard liG.
formation of the flat hard liG after a
Hard bent liG rules.
Bent hard liG rules.




(loTreplacementrules) (loTreplr)

loT replacement rulesmmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ M- C+ 1128

The eighteen loT replacements are made by these rules --

ADuttamasyapicca makes the A of Ani''' Ava''' Ama''' Avahai''' Amahai''', and makes them pit

AmetaH makes tAm'''' jhAm'''' AtAm'''' AthAm''''

eruH makes tu''' jhu'''

eta::ai makes the ai of ai''' Avahai''' Amahai'''

loTolaGvat makes Ava''' Ama''' tAm''' tam''' ta'''

merniH makes Ani'''

savAbhyAMvAmau makes sva''' and dhvam''''

serhyapicca makes hi''', and makes it apit

359 letters. -- 920pronouns.bse 12 -- popularity 1




(formationofluT) (formationlu)

formation of luTmmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ C+ 1129

What rules make the affixes in luT replacements ?

When a tiG just replaced luT, the root gets tAs. After that, these rules might change the tiG --

luTaHpratha

Tita

thAsasse

and these rules might change the tAs --

rica

tAsastyo

dhica

ha::eti

In detail. The eighteen tiG after tAs are --

tAsti tAstas tAsjhi

tAssi tAsthas tAstha

tAsmi tAsvas tAsmas

tAsta tAsAtAm tAsjha

tAsthAs tAsAthAm tAsdhvam

tAsiD tAsvahi tAsmahi

Then rules luTaHpratha and rica work on the third person tiG, and Tita and thAsasse work on the other six bent --

tA tArau tAras

tAssi tAsthas tAstha

tAsmi tAsvas tAsmas

tA tArau tAras

tAsse tAsAthe tAsdhve

tAse tAsvahe tAsmahe

then the rule tAsastyorlopaH removes one s of tAssip and tAsse, and rule dhica the s in tAsdhve, and ha_eti replaces the s of tAse --

tA tArau tAras

tAsi tAsthas tAstha

tAsmi tAsvas tAsmas

tA tArau tAras

tAse tAsAthe tAdhve

tAhe tAsvahe tAsmahe

714 letters. -- 920pronouns.bse 51 -- popularity 1




(formationofflathardliG) (formatir)

Formation of flat hard liG.mmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ C- 1130

The nine flat hard liG , namely --

yAt''' yAtAm''' yus'''

yAs''' yAtam''' yAta'''

yAm''' yAva''' yAma'''

were built by these rules --

jhi turned into (j)us by jherjus.

Then the same rules that worked in the laG replacements worked on the other eight.

Then all nine got yA in front because of yAsuTpa and liGassa.

The yA in front of (j)us lost its A by usya.

But that works only if the affixes are not after a. If they are, see formation of the flat hard liG after a .

Back to flat hard liG .

378 letters. -- 920pronouns.bse 80 -- popularity 2




(formationoftheflathard) (formatia)

formation of the flat hard liG after ammmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ C- 1131

When the hard liG tense follows an a, and is replaced with a flat affix, the a combines with the flat affix and we get a verb that ends in --

et''' etAm''' eyus'''

es''' etam''' eta'''

eyam''' eva''' ema'''

These are formed by the same rules mentioned in Formation of flat hard liG , with one difference -- instead of adding yA in front, we added Iy in front, by atoyeyaH.

The y of Iy stays before (j)us and before am''' --

@hard liG → jhi →jherjus jus →atoyeyaH Iyus

@hard liG → mip → am''' →atoyeyaH Iyam

and is lost by lopovyo before the other seven affixes.

The a at the end of the root always combines with the I of the affix into e --

bhU + @hard liG tip → bhU + zap + tip →hardsoft bho + zap + tip →ecoya bhava + tip → bhava + t''' →atoyeyaH bhava + Iyt →AdguNaH bhavet "he would be"

536 letters. -- 920pronouns.bse 100 -- popularity 2




(hardbentliGrules) (har)

hard bent liG rules.mmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ 1132

Obsolete, see Bent hard liG rules.

27 letters. -- 920pronouns.bse 161 -- popularity none




(benthardliGrules) (benth)

bent hard liG rules.mmmmmmmmm glosses glosses ^ C+ 1133

These are the rules that make the nine bent hard liG replacements --

Start with the nine taG.

Turn jha into ran, iT' into a' ( jhasyaran, iTot).

Add Iy in front (rule liGassIyuT adds sIyuT, liGassa deletes the s).

Apply lopovyo if need be.

182 letters. -- 920pronouns.bse 161 -- popularity 5

1132 @Hard @bent /liG rules.
















lists of tense replacers ←

chunk 55: formation of tense replacers

→ pronoun tables